波谱解析习题集答案_

波谱解析习题答案

1. 请将化合物与相应的IR谱图一一对应，并鉴别其特征峰 1.1. A. 二苯乙烯 B. 1，3-环己二烯 C. 2-戊烯 D. 辛烯

1.2. E. 乙酸乙酯 F. 十二烷酸 G. 丙酸钠 H. 丁酰胺 I. 异丁胺 1.3. J. 间甲苯甲酸 K. 邻甲酚 L. 丙烯基苯基醚 M. 苯甲醛 1.4. N. 苄胺 O. 偶氮苯 P. 苯甲酮肟 Q. 苯胺 R. 二甲胺盐酸盐

2. 由1H-NMR 解析结构，归属信号，标明化学位移、裂分方式、偶合常数等。 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5. 2.6. 2.7. 2.8. 2.9. 2.10.

3. IR answer：The band at 1716 indicates a carbonyl, probably a ketone. The bands at 3000-2850

indicate C-H alkane stretches.

4. IR answer：The band at 1718 indicates a carbonyl, probably a ketone. The bands at 3000-2850

indicate C-H alkane stretches.

5. IR answer: The poad band at 3339 indicates O-H stretch, probably an alcohol. The bands at

3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band at 1041 is C-O stretch, consistent with an alcohol.

6. IR answer: The poad band at 3350 indicates O-H stretch, probably an alcohol. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands from 1320-1000 indicate C-O stretch, consistent

with an alcohol.

7. IR answer: The band at 1743 indicates a carbonyl, probably a saturated aliphatic ester. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 could be due to C-O

stretch, consistent with an ester.

8. IR answer: The band at 1740 indicates a carbonyl, probably a saturated aliphatic ester. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 could be due to C-O

stretch, consistent with an ester.

9. IR answer: The band at 1728 indicates a carbonyl, probably an aldehyde; an aldehyde is also suggested by the band at 2719 which is likely the C-H stretch of the H-C=O group. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches.

10. IR answer: The band at 1703 indicates a carbonyl; that the carbonyl is an aldehyde is suggested by the bands at 2828 and 2733 (C-H stretch of the H-C=O group). The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band (unmarked on the graph below) just to the left of 3000 indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C

in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).

11. IR answer: The band at 1697 indicates an alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl; that the carbonyl is an aldehyde is suggested by the bands at 2828 and 2739 (C-H stretch of the H-C=O group). The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band (unmarked on the graph below) just to the left of 3000 indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585

and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).

12. IR answer: The band at 1716 indicates a carbonyl. The wide band from 3300-2500

is

characteristic of the O-H stretch of carboxylic acids. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 indicate the C-O stretch of

carboxylic acids.

13. IR answer: The band at 1684 indicates a carbonyl. The wide band from 3300-2500 is characteristic of the O-H stretch of carboxylic acids. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 indicate the C-O stretch of carboxylic acids. The band (unmarked on the graph below) just to the left of 3000 indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H

out-of-plane).

14. IR answer: The band at 1684 indicates a carbonyl. The wide band from 3300-2500 is characteristic of the O-H stretch of carboxylic acids. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1320-1000 indicate the C-O stretch of carboxylic acids. The band just to the left of 3000 (3065) indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the

regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).

15. IR answer: The two bands at 3433 and 3354 indicate a secondary amine. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band at 3034 indicates aromatic C-H stretch; aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane). C-N stretch of aromatic amines would show up at 1335-1250 (there is a band in that

region).

16. IR answer: The two bands at 3388 and 3292 indicate a secondary amine. The bands at

3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches.

17. IR answer: The band at 1718 indicates a carbonyl, probably a ketone. The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. Since the compound is an alkene, one would expect to see C=C stretch at 1680-1640; these weak bands are not seen in this IR (according to Silverstein,

single hydrogen must be too weak).

18. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The bands in the region 1300-1150 could indicate C-H wag (-CH2Br) of

an alkyl halide.

19. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches; the small (unmarked) band just to the left of 3000 indicates aromatic C-H stretch. Aromatics also show bands in the regions

1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane). The wide band in

the region 3500-3200 indicates the O-H stretch of

an alcohol or phenol.

20. IR answer: The band at 1682 indicates a carbonyl, probably an ester. The band at 3192 indicates C-H aromatic stretch; aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane). The wide band just to the left of the 3192 band

indicates O-H stretch (alcohols and phenols).

21. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. There really aren"t many other bands in the spectrum to indicate functional groups. The compound is an alkyne; we would expect to see a carbon-carbon triple bond stretch at 2260-2100, however, this is a weak band at best and often

does not show up on IR.

22. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band at 3028 indicates C-H aromatic stretch; aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane). The bands in the region 1250-1020 could be due to C-N stretch. The weak, poad banc at about 3500 could be amine N-H stretch or it could be a slight contamination of

an impurity (water) in the sample.

23. IR answer: The bands at 3000-2850 indicate C-H alkane stretches. The band at 3060 indicates C-H aromatic stretch; aromatics also show bands in the regions 1600-1585 and 1500-1400 (C-C in-ring stretch), and 900-675 (C-H out-of-plane).

24. 4-庚酮

25. 3-庚醇

26. 4-溴甲苯

27. 2-溴戊烷

28. 2-己酮

29. 丙酸

30.丁胺

31. 炔丙醇

32. 1-硝基丙烷

33. 2-苯氧基乙醇

34. 苯乙醚

35.丁酸甲酯

36. 己内酰胺

37. 2-甲基吡嗪

38. 水杨酸甲酯

39. 4-硝基氯苯

40. 7-溴庚酸

41. 5-己炔醇

42. 6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮

43. 己酸

44. 2,6-二氯苯酚

45. 2,6-二甲基苯酚

46. 2-环己烯酮

47.

48.

49.

50.

51.

52.

53.

54.

55.

56.

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

62.

63.

64.

65.

66.

67.

68.

69.

70.

71.

72.

73. 暂无答案 74. 暂无答案

75. The elemental composition of the M+. is thus C5H4

NBr.

76. Answer: nitrobenzene; C6H5NO

2.

77. Answer: chloroform; CHCl

3

78. Answer: 1,4-diethylbenzene

79.

Answer: tetrahydropyran

80. Answer: n-nonane; C9H20 81. Answer: biphenyl; C10H

12

82. Answer: 3-buten-2-one; methyl vinyl ketone

83.

Answer: 4-methoxypyridine

84. Answer: dimethylsulfone; CH3SO2CH

3

85. Answer: 2,6-dichlorophenol; C6H4OCl

2

86. Answer:

87. Answer:

88.

Answer: phenyl-2-propanone

89. Answer: (a) n-butanol, (b) methylpropylether, (c) methylisopropylether, (d) isobutyl alcohol, (e) s-butanol, (f) diethylether, and (g) t-butyl alcohol 90. Answer:

91. Answer: 3-pyridinecarboxamide (nicotinamide)

92. Answer: methyldiethylamine

93. Answer: methyl p-hydroxybenzoate

94. Answer:

95. Answer:

96.

Answer: (a) 4-hydroxycyclohexene and (b) 3-hydroxycyclohexene

97. 98. 99. 100.