2015年高考英语全国卷一知识点总结

2015年高考英语全国卷一知识点总结_2015年高考英语全国卷1及答案详解

注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ 卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ 卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ 卷 1 页至 10 页，第Ⅱ 卷 11 页至 13 页。

2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。

3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，搭载本试卷上无效。

4. 第Ⅰ 卷听力部分满分 30 分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。

5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ 卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）略做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案 转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） （略） 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例： How much is the shirt? A.?19.15 答案是 C。

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。

A Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don‘t need to book. They end around 21:00. November 7th B.?9.18 C.?9.15The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading ear ly canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early ―civil engineers‖. December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London‘s ice trade grew. February 6th An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play. March 6th Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest. Online bookings:.uk/book More into:.uk/whatson London Canal Museum 12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT .uk Tel:020 77130836 21. When is the talk on James Brindley? A. February 6th. B. March 6th. C. November 7th. D. December 5th. 22. What is the topic of the talk in February? A. The Canal Pioneers. B. Ice for the Metropolis C. Eyots and Aits- Thames IslandsD. An Update on the Cotsword Canals 23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames. A. Miranda Vickers B. Malcolm Tucker C. Chris Lewis D. Liz Payne 【答案】 21. C 22. D 23. A21. C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句 James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.所对应的日期 November 7th.。故选 C。

22. D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段 February 6th 中的第一句 An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.可以得出答案。故选 D。

23. A 细节理解题。

根据文章第五段第一句 Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. 可以知道做报告的人是 Mirands Vickets。故选 A。

考点：广告布告类短文阅读 B The freezing Northeast hasn‘t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say ―sunshine‖. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素 C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part- particu larly to my taste, dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers‘ market that proved to be morethan worth the early wake-up call. The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7:00 am to 1 p.m, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries, the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes. Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I‘ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they‘re unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncerta inty, on one particular table at the Brown‘s Grove Farm‘s stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal- and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn‘t be experiencing again for months. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown‘s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where- luckily for me- I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I‘d be ordering every tomato on it. 24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York? A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. D. Annoying.25. What made the author‘s getting up late early worthwhile? A. Having a swim. B. Breathing in fresh air. C. Walking in the mo rning sun. D. Visiting a local farmer‘s market. 26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter? A. They are soft. B. They look nice. C. They taste great. D. They are juicy. 27. What was the author going to that evening? A. Go to a farm. B. Check into a hotel.C. Eat in a restaurant. D. Buy fresh vegetable 【答案】 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C24. B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句 The freezing Northeast hasn‘t been a terribly fun place to spend time this wint er,可以推测出作者在纽约冬天的生活是令人厌烦的。故选 B。

25. D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句 dulled by months of cold- weather root vegetables- was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers‘ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.可知作者早上 7 点到农产品市场是有意义的。可知选 D。

26. B 推理判断题。

根据文章第三段第二句 No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they‘re unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.可知， 纽约的西红柿在商店里看起来 是很吸引人的。可知选 B。

27. C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段尤其倒数第一二句可知，作者晚上计划在餐馆吃饭， 并且点西红柿。故选 C。

考点：记叙类短文阅读 C Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist‘s showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain. The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). ―From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in a nd out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,‖ explains the Pompidou Centre. The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg. 28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1? A. Optimistic. B. Productive C. Generous. D. Traditional.29. What is Dali‘s The Persistence of Memory considered to be? A. One of his masterworks. B. A successful screen adaptation.[来源:学科网]C. An artistic creation for the stage. D. One of the beat TV programmes. 30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali? A. By popularity. B. By importance. C. By size and shape. D. By time and subject. 31. What does th e word ―contributions‖ in the last paragraph refer to? A. Artworks. 【答案】 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.29. A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句 Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知 The Persistence of Memory 是他的杰作之一。故选 A。

30. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句 The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.可知展览是根据时间和主题安排的。故选 D。考点：说明类短文阅读 D Conflict is on the menu tonight at the caféLa Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France‘s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the ―talking cure‖. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn‘t always easy. They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. ―You are forbidden to say ?one feels,‘ or ?people think‘,‖Lehane told them. ―Say ?I think,‘ ?Think me‘.‖ A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn‘t seem more un-French. But Lehanne‘s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It‘s trying to help the city‘s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation‘s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.The city‘s psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about lover, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehance‘s group just to learn to say what they feel. There‘s a strong need in Paris for communication, says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as religious instructor in a nearby church. ―People have few real friends. And they need to open up‖ Lehanne says she‘d like to see psychology cafes all over France. ―If people had normal lives, these cafes would‘t exist‖, she says,‖If life weren‘t a battle, people wouln‘t need a special place just to speak.‖ But them, it wouldn‘t be France. 32. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope? A. Learn a new subject B. Keep in touch with friends. C. Show off their knowledge. D. Express their true feelings. 33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes? A. They are less frequently visited. B. They stay open for longer hours. C. They have bigger night crowds. D. They start to serve fast food. 34. What are theme cafes expected to do? A. Create more jobs. B. Supply better drinks. C. Save the cafe business. D. Serve the neighborhood. 35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris? A. They bring people true friendship. B. They give people spiritual support. C. They help people realize their dreams. D. They offer a platform for business links. 【答案】 32. D33. A 34. C 35. B33. A 细节理解题。根据文章第二段 Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle-longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation‘s desire to spend more time at home.可知改变了年轻一代更多时间呆在家里。故选 A。

34. C 推理判断题。根据第二段 Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.可以 得出答案。故选 C。考点：社会类短文阅读 第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项， 选项中有两项为多余选项。

Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .That is a risk. But you can‘t be successful when there‘s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, we‘ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we‘ve been suffer from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can‘t trust anymore, 37. It‘s understandable, but if you‘re willing to build trust in a relationship again,we have some steps you can take to get you there. ? 38 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can seewhat the best outcome would be for your well-being.?39If you‘ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there‘s adifference between being a victim and living with a ―victim mentality‖. At some point in all of our lives, we‘ll have our trust tested or violated. ? You didn‘t lose ―everything‖. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, it‘s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. They‘ve been too badly hurt and they can‘t bear to let it happen again. F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. Seeing the p ositive side of things doesn‘t mean you‘re ignoring what happened. 【答案】 36. B 37. E 38. A 39. C 40. G38. A 根据后句 having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.可知此段主要讲述要学会信任自 己。可知选 A。

39. C 根据后句 If you‘ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选 C。

40. G 根据前一句 Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life 和后一句 instead, it‘s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到 事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选 G。

考点：议论类短文阅读 第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 15 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way ,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, ― __41___ my job. Family to Feed.‖ At this store, a __42___ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a __43____ on how bad it must be to have to stand ___44____ in the cold wind.[来源:Zxxk.Com]In the store, I asked each of my kids to __45___ something they thought our ―friend‖ there would ___46___. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a ___47____. I thought about it. We were ___48__ on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes __49___ from our need instead of our abundance is ___50__ what we need to do! All the kids __51____ something they could do away with for the week. When we handed him the bag of __52__, he lit up and thanked us with ___53__ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for __54____his family might need, he burst into tears. This has been a wonderful ___55__ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can __56___! Things would have played out so __57____ if I had simply said, ―No, we really don‘t have ___58___ to give more.‖ Stepping out not only helped a brother in __59___, it also gave my kids the __60____ taste of helping others. It‘ll go a long way with them. 41. A. Lost 42. A condition 43. A. suggestion 44. A. outside B. Changed B. place B. comment B. proudly C. Quit C. sight C. decision C. by D. Finished D. show D. call D. angrily45. A. draw 46. A. order 47. A. dollar 48. A. easy 49. A. giving 50. A. yet 51. A. declared 52. A . toys 53. A. sleepy 54. A. whoever 55. A. experience 56. A. rely on 57. A. suddenly 58. A. time 59. A. fear 60. A. strong 【答案】 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. A 52. C 53. BB. say B. supply B. job B. low B. saving B. even B. shared B. medicine B. watery B. whatever B. example B. respect B. vividly B. power B. love B. sweetC. arrange C. appreciate C. hot meal C. soft C. spending C. still C. ignored C. food C. curious C. whichever C. message C. learn from C. differently C. patience C. need C. strangeD. pick D. discover D. gift card D. loose D. begging D. just D. expected D. clothes D. sharp D. whenever D. adventure D. help D. perfectly D. money D. memory D. simple54. B 55. A 56. D 57. C 58. D 59. C 60. B41．A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. Lose 失去；B. Changed 弃；改变；C. Quit 放D. Finished 完成。短语 lose one‘s job 失业。在路上，我们注意到一个男人握着一张纸，纸上写到：―失业，需要养家。‖ 答案选 A。

42． C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。

A condition 状况； B. place 地方； C. sight 情景； D. show 展示。在这家商店，像这样的场景并不正常。选 C。

43．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. suggestion 建议；B. comment 评论；C. decision 决 定；D. call 电话。make a comment on 对……发表看法。我 10 岁的孩子注意到他，并评论说 在寒风中站在外面一定很糟糕。故选 B。47．D 考查动名词以及对语境的理解。A. dollar 美元；B. job 工作；C. hot meal 热餐；D. gift card 礼物卡。根据下文提示可知，我 17 岁的孩子建议给他一张礼物卡。选 D。

48． B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。

A. easy 容易的； B. low 低的； C. soft 柔软的； D. loose 松的。根据下句的意思可知―我们现金不足或缺乏 ‖，low 意思―少，低‖。选 B。

49．A 考查动词以 及对语境的理解。A. giving 给予；B. saving 节省；C. spending 花费；D. begging 恳求。我们把我们不充足的东西给予别人，而不是充足的东西，正是我们真正需 要去做的。选 A。

50．D 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. yet 然而；B. even 甚至；C. still 任然；D. just 刚刚。

仅仅是我们需要做的。选 D。

5 1．A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. declared 宣告；B. shared 分享；C. ignored 忽视； D. expected 期望。所有的孩子声明了他们能够为这个周末放弃自己想要的东西。选 A。

52．C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A . toys 玩具；B. medicine 药；C. food 食物；D. clothes 衣服。根据上文的 apples, sandwich and a bottle of juice 可知是食物。选 C。

53． B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. sleepy 瞌睡的；B. watery 潮湿的；C. curious 好 奇的；D. sharp 锋利的。带着潮湿的双眼感谢我们。选 B。

54． B 考查代词以及对语境的理解。

A. whoever 无论谁； B. whatever 无论什么 C. whichever 无论哪一个；D. whenever 无论什么时候。动词 need 缺少宾语，故用 whatever。他可以给我 打电话，无论他的家人需要什么。故选 B。

55．A 考查名词以及对语境的理解 。A. experience 经历；B. example 例子；C. message 信 息；D. adventure 冒险。这对我们家庭是一次极好的经历。选 A。

56．D 考查动词及短语以及对语境的理解。A. rely on 依靠；B. respect 尊敬；C. learn from 从……学到；D. help 帮助。多少天来，孩子们一直在寻找我们能够帮助的其他人。选 D。

57．C 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. suddenly 突然；B. vividly 生动地；C. differently 不同地；D. perfectly 完美地。事情发生得如此的不同。

选 C。

58． D 考查名词以及对语境的理解。

A. time 时间； B. power 权力； C. patience 耐心； D. money 金钱。我们真的不需要给更多的钱。所以选 D。

59．C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. fear 害怕；B. love 爱；C. need 需要；D. memory 记忆。in need 在危难中。走出去不仅仅帮助在危难中的兄弟。选 C。

60．B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. strong 强壮的；B. sweet 甜的；C. strange 奇怪的； D. simple 简单的。也给予我孩子们帮助他人的甜蜜的滋味。选 B。

考点：考查故事类完形填空 第 II 卷 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节 满分 55） 第二节 阅读下面材料，用不多于 1 个单词的正确形式填空 Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I__61__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn‘t care. A few hours__62__, I‘d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I‘d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65__(painting). Instead, I ?d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it‘s only an hour away__66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo__67__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68__(conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it___(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 【答案】 61. arrived 62. before/earlier 63. its 64. that/which 65. paintings 66. by 67. is 68. conducted 69. regularly 70. living 【解析】学科网 试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。

61. arrived 句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过 去时。

62. before/earlier 句意：几个小时前，我在香港家里。注意不可以用 ago。

63. its 句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用 it‘s。

64. that/which 句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。考查定语从句。先行词为 Li River，在从句[来源:学.科.网 Z.X.X.K]中作主语 . 65. paintings 句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。painting 为可数名词，注意用复数形式。

66. by 句意：乘汽车只需要 1 个小时。by car 乘汽车。

67. is 句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。

68. conducted 句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。

69. regularly 句意：定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。修饰动词，用副词修饰。

70. living 句意：住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。

考点：语法填空。

第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分 35） 第一节 短文改错（10 分） When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city ,but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so ,we‘ll live to regret it . 【答案】 76. think –thought 77. countryside 前加 the 78. or—and 79. on—with 80. been 去掉 81. seriously—serious 82. airs—air 83. much—many 84. found—find 85. your—our 【解析】学科网 试题分析：高中即将毕业了，有一些体会和同学们分享。1.感谢老师，家长和朋友们；2.致 歉于我曾经误会伤害的人；3.祝福同学们心想事成。76. think –thought 句意：我认为在在那儿很快乐。时态用法错误。这里用一般过去时，表示 ―过去认为‖ 77. countryside 前加 the 句意：但是我想念农村的家乡。这里 countryside 是特指，故用定冠 词 the。

78. or—and 句意：那里山绿并且空气新鲜。连词用法错误。前后句为并列关系，故用连词 and。

79. on—with 句意： 随着工业化的发展。

短语搭配错误。

短语 with the development of 随着…… 的发展。

80. been 去掉 句意：许多研究表明。主语与动词为主动关系，这里不需要用被动语态。

81. seriously—serious 句意：全球变暖已经成为严重的问题。词性用法错误。修饰名词，前 面用形容词修饰。

82. airs—air 句意：我们呼吸的空气变得越来越脏。名词用法错误。名词 air 为不可数名词。

83. much—many 句意：许多罕见的动物已经消失。名词 animal 为可数名词，故用 many 修 饰。

84. found—find 句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。动词用法错误。情态动词 must 后接动词原形。

85. your—our 句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。代词用法错误。这里应当是保护 我们的环境。

考点：短文改错。

第二节 书面表达 假定你是李华，你校英文报―外国文化‖栏目拟刊登美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请 给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下： 1. 栏目介绍。

2. 稿件内容； 3. 稿件长度：约 400 词汇 4. 交稿日期：6 月 28 日前天 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯的； 3. 开头语已为你写好。【参考答案】 Dear Peter, I'd like to ask you to write an article for our school‘s English newspaper. The ―Foreign Cultures‖ section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals, and the life of American high school students. You can write anything relevant so long as it‘s interesting and informative. 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before June 28? I‘m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】学科网 试题分析：本篇书面表达属于英文书信，根据提示信息要求给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，内容 是美国节日风俗和中学生生活。写作时注意以下几点：1、仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提 供的所有信息，明确三个要点：首先，简单介绍校英文报栏目的情况。2、建议 Peter 介绍 美国节日风俗和中学生生活。3、稿件的要求及时间。写作时根据要表达的内容确定句子的 时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般现在时态。

4.注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章 的亮点。

【亮点说明】本文结构紧凑，层次分明，而且使用了多种句式和结构。比如 It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.运用了过去分词作后置定 语， And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals, and the life of American high school students.运用了宾语从句。此外，文章还使用了 大量习语和短语，如 be popular among, so long as,look forward to , hear from 等。

考点：考查提纲作文。[来源:学。科。网][来源:Zxxk.Com]

2015年高考英语全国卷一知识点总结_2015年高考英语全国1卷试题及答案

2015 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (全国 I) 英 语本试卷分第 I 卷(选择题)和第 II 卷(非选择题)两部分,考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项: 1. 答第 I 卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选 涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。

第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分 30 分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在 试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 称钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是 C。

1. What time is it now? A. 9:10. B. 9:50. C. 10:00. 2. What does the woman think of the weather? A. It?s nice. B. It?s warm. C. It?s cold. 3. What will the man do? A. Attend a meeting. B. Give a lecture. C. Leave his office. 4. What is the woman?s opinion about the course? A. Too hard. B. Worth taking. C. Very easy. 5. What does the woman want the man do? A. Speak louder. B. Apologize to her. C. Turn off the radio. 第二节 (共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第 6 段材料,回答第 6、7 题。

6. How long did Michael stay in China? A. Five days. B. One week. C. Two weeks. 7. Where did Michael go last year? A. Russia. B. Norway. C. India. 听第 7 段材料,回答第 8、9 题。

8. What food does Sally like? A. Chicken. B. Fish. C. Eggs. 9. What are the speakers going to do? A. Cook dinner. B. Go shopping. C. Order dishes. 听第 8 段材料,回答第 10 至 12 题。

10. Where are the speakers? A. In a hospital. B. In the office. C. At home. 11. When is the report due?1/8A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Next Monday. 12. What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report? A. Improve it. B. Hand it in later. C. Leave it with him. 听第 9 段材料,回答第 13 至 16 题。

13.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Salesperson and customer. B. Homeowner and cleaner. C. Husband and wife. 14.What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer? A. One with two bedrooms. B. One without furniture. C. One near a market. 15.How much rent should one pay for the one-bedroom apartment? A.＄350. B. ＄400. C. ＄415. 16.Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see? A. On Lake Street. B. On Market. C. On South Street. 听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。

17.What percentage of the world?s tea exports go to Britain? A. Almost 15%. B. About 30%. C. Over 40%. 18.Why do tea tasters taste tea with milk? A. Most British people drink tea that way. B. Tea tastes much better with milk. C. Tea with milk is healthy. 19.Who suggests a price for each tea? A. Tea tasters. B. Tea exporters. C. Tea companies. 20.What is the speaker talking about? A. The life of tea tasters. B. Afternoon tea in Britain. C. The London Tea Trade Centre. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节,满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don?t need to book. They end around 21:00. November 7th The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”. December 5th Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London?s ice trade grew. February 6th An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play. March 6th Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has2/8undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest. Online bookings:.uk/book More info: .uk/whatson London Canal Museum 12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT .uk www. canalmuseum.mobi Tel:020 7713 0836 21.When is the talk on James Brindley? A. November 7th. B. March 6th. C. February 6th. D. December 5th. 22. What is the topic of the talk in February? A. The Canal Pioneers. B. Ice for the Metropolis. C. Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands. D. An Update on the Cotswold Canals. 23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames? A. Chris Lewis. B. Malcolm Tucker. C. Miranda Vickers. D. Liz Payne. B The freezing Northeast hasn?t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C (维生素 C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part—particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables—was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers? market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call. The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7:00 am to 1 p.m., rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries, the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes. Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened (蔓上成熟的) promise, I?ve refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they?re unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown?s Grove Farm?s stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal—and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn?t be experiencing again for months. Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown?s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where― luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I?d be ordering every tomato on it. 24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York? A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. D. Annoying. 25. What made the author?s getting up early worthwhile? A. Having a swim. B. Breathing in fresh air. C. Walking in the morning sun. D. Visiting a local farmer?s market. 26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter? A. They are soft. B. They look nice. C. They taste great. D. They are juicy. 27. What was the author going to that evening? A. Eat in a restaurant. B. Check into a hotel. C. Go to a farm. D. Buy fresh vegetables.3/8C Salvador Dali (1904―1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist?s showman qualities. The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain. The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre. The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida. 28. Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1? A. Optimistic. B. Productive C. Generous. D. Traditional. 29. What is Dali?s The Persistence of Memory considered to be? A. One of his masterworks. B. A successful screen adaptation. C. An artistic creation for the stage. D. One of the best TV programmes. 30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali? A. By popularity. B. By importance. C. By size and shape. D. By time and subject. 31. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Donations. B. Projects. C. Artworks. D. Documents. D Conflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France?s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn?t always easy. The customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under $ 2 (plus drinks) per session—are quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论), slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ?one feels?, or ?people think?,” Lehanne told them. “Say ?I think?, ?Think me?.” A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn?t seem more un-French. But Lehanne?s psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: It?s trying to help the city?s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victims to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation?s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening. The city?s “psychology cafes”, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehanne?s group just to learn to say what they feel. “There is a strong need in Paris for communication,” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up.” Lehanne says she?d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn?t exist,” she says. “If life weren?t a battle, people wouldn?t need a special place just to speak.” But then, it wouldn?t be4/8France. 32.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope? A. Learn a new subject. B. Keep in touch with friends. C. Show off their knowledge. D. Express their true feelings. 33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes? A. They have bigger night crowds. B. They stay open for longer hours. C. They are less frequently visited. D. They start to serve fast food. 34. What are theme cafes expected to do? A. Save the cafe business. B. Supply better drinks. C. Create more jobs. D. Serve the neighborhood. 35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris? A. They bring people true friendship. B. They give people spiritual support. C. They help people realize their dreams. D. They offer a platform for business links. 第二节 (共 5 小题,每小题 2 分,满分 10 分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。

Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences. 36 That is a risk. But you can?t be successful when there?s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, we?ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we?ve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can?t trust anymore. 37 It?s understandable, but if you?re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 39 If you?ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there?s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we?ll have our trust tested or violated. You didn?t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 Instead, it?s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. Seeing the positive side of things doesn?t mean you?re ignoring what happened. F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. They?ve been too badly hurt and they can?t bear to let it happen again.第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分 45) 第一节 完形填空 (共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D)中, 选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ 41 my job. Family to Feed .” At this store, a 42 like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a5/8on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind. In the store, I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our “friend” there would 46 . They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47 . I thought about it. We were 48 on cash ourselves, but…well, sometimes 49 from our need instead of our abundance is 50 what we need to do! All the kids 51 something they could do away with for the week. When we handed him the bag of 52 , he lit up and thanked us with 53 eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 54 his family might need, he burst into tears. This has been a wonderful 55 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 56 ! Things would have played out so 57 if I had simply said, “No, we really don?t have 58 to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in 59 , it also gave my kids the 60 taste of helping others. It?ll go a long way with them. 41. A. Quit B. Changed C. Lost D. Finished 42. A condition B. place C. sight D. show 43. A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call 44. A. by B. proudly C. outside D. angrily 45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick 46. A. appreciate B. supply C. order D. discover 47. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card 48. A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose 49. A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging 50. A. yet B. even C. still D. just 51. A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected 52. A . food B. medicine C. toys D. clothes 53. A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp 54. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 55. A. message B. example C. experience D. adventure 56. A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help 57. A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly 58. A. time B. power C. patience D. money 59. A. need B. love C. fear D. memory 60. A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simple43第 II 卷注意事项: 用 0.5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节,满分 45 分) 第二节 (共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的的正确形式。

Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly when I 61 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn?t care. A few hours 62 , I?d been at home in Hong Kong, with 63 (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I?d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 64 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 65 (painting). Instead, I?d headed6/8straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it?s only an hour away 66 car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo 67 (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 68 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 69 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 70 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有 10 处语言 错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除: 把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。

修改: 在错词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2. 只允许修改 10 处, 多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。

When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we?ll live to regret it. 第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分) 假定你是李华, 你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。

请给美 国朋友彼得写信约稿,要点如下: 1. 栏目介绍; 2. 稿件内容; 3. 稿件长度: 约 400 词; 4. 交稿日期: 6 月 28 日前。

注意: 1. 词数 100 左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3. 开头语已为你写好。

Dear Peter, I?d like to ask you to write an article for our school?s English newspaper.Yours, Li Hua答案:7/81~5 ACABC 6~10 BABCB 11~15 ABCAB 16~20 CBAAC 21~25 ADCBD 26~30 BABAD 31~35 CDCAB 36~40 BGACE 41~45 CCBCD 46~50 ADBAD 51~55 AABBC 56~60 DCDAB 61. arrived 62. before / earlier 63. its 64. that / which 65. paintings 66. by 67. is 68. conducted 69. regularly 70. living When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in thought a city, but I miss my home in ∧countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. the and Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of with studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs serious air we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to Many find protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we?ll live to regret it. our / the Dear Peter, I?d like to ask you to write an article for our school?s English newspaper. The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals, and the life of American high school students. You can write anything relevant so long as it?s interesting and informative, 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before June 28? I?m looking forward to hearing from you! Yours, Li Hua 21. A 细节理解题,找出题干关键词 James Brindley 定位到第二段第一句。由本段小标题可知答案。

22. D 细节理解题,由题干中 February 定位到倒数第二段,第一句黑体部分即为 topic. 23. C 细节理解题,题干中 Thames 为关键词,定位到最后一段,可知答案选 A。

B 篇本文主要讲述了作者赞美了 Florida 的新鲜多汁的水果蔬菜,并与纽约的进行对比。这与教材中多篇 强化细节题的记叙文结构类型相似。

24. B 细节理解题,原文定位于第一段的 The freezing Northeast hasn?t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter.可知作者觉得纽约不是一个度过冬天的好地方,B 中的 boring 说明了纽约冬天的无趣,与 hasn?t been a terribly fun place 呼应,所以选 B。

25. D 细节理解题,原文定位于第一段段尾 adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth the early wake- up call. 是 D 选项的同意转化。所以选 D。

26. B 细节理解题,原文定位于第三段 No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they are unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless.可知作者觉得纽约的西红柿只是外表好,一旦带回家发现它 却是干、硬、无味的。所以选 B。

27. A 细节理解题,原文定位于第四段中的 a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where― luckily for me— I was planning to have dinner that very night.可知作者打算去餐馆吃饭。所以选 A。8/8C 篇本文是关于巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心举办的著名画家萨尔瓦多·达利画展的介绍。本篇文章稍有难度, 主要在于艺术题材对学生来说相对陌生,且对于艺术作品的解释比较抽象。

但题目本身都是可以在原 文中定位并找到答案的细节理解题,只要静心下来仔细寻找即可。

28. B 细节理解题 原文定位于第一段 “with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings sculptures, drawings and more.”得出其作品数量很多,与选项 B 多产的相符合。

29. A 细节理解题 原文定位于第一段“Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.”可得出是他的杰作之一,故选 A。

30. D 细节理解题 原文定位于第二段“Fine exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.”题目难度较小可直接选出 D。

31. A 细节理解题 原文定位于最后一段,通过“The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration”中的 major works 可得出 contribution 指的是作品故选 A。

D 篇为说明文,行文模式和文体与之前的全国卷 2010 B 篇极为相似。文章主要介绍了具有法国特色的咖 啡厅“psychology cafes”社会意义和功能特色。

32. D 细节题, 定位到第一段,根据第一段第三句“ Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.”可知选 D。

33. C 细节题,定位回原文,通过 “But Lehanne?s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It?s trying to help the city?s troubled neighborhood cafes.”即可看出。

34. A 细节题,定回原文“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle― longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation?s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.”即可看出。

35. B 细节题,根据文章最后一段中“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn?t exist,” she says. “If life weren?t a battle, people wouldn?t need a special place just to speak.” But then, it wouldn?t be France.”可知 选 B。9/8

2015年高考英语全国卷一知识点总结_2015年高考英语全国卷命题统计表

2015 年高考英语 全国卷 命题统计表引言 全国普通高等学校统一招生英语课标卷（I）一直被人们认为难度略高于全国普通高等 学校统一招生英语课标卷（II） ，所以之前被教育较发达的内地省份河南、河北、山西所采 用。随着教育及高考改革的推进，全国一张卷的呼声日益高涨。在强化教育公平、规避高考 命题风险的客观要求下， 越来越多的省份高考也将采用全国普通高等学校统一招生英语课标 卷（I） 。因为既要体现对中学生学习压力的减负，又要考虑日益增加的采用该卷省份的共同 需求，所以英语课标卷（I）一直在保持平稳的前提下，大胆改革。在 14 届高考命题中抛弃 了几十年来广泛采用的单项填空题型，换之以全面侧 重 考 查 语 言 知 识 在 具 体 篇 章 或 对话中的运用、更加强调语言的交际功能的语法填空题型。

2015 年英语全国卷整体结构类别 第一卷 分类 第一部分 阅读理解 第二部分 （40） 题型 听力 四选一阅读 七选五补全信 息 第三部分 第二卷 第四部分 写作 英语知识运用 完形填空 语法填空 短文改错 书面表达 备 注 分值栏前表分值，后表题量 1.5*20=30 1.5*10=15 1*10=10 25*1=25 分值 1.5*20=30 2*15=30 2*5=10 150 总分一、 试卷总体分析1. 试题紧贴《英语课程标准》，凸显新课改理念义务教育阶段的英语课程具有工具性和人文性双重性质。就工具性而言，英语课程承担培养学生基本英语素养的 任务，即学生通过英语课程掌握基本的英语语言知识，发展基本的英语听说读写技能，形成用英语与他人交流的能力， 为今后继续学习英语和用英语学习其他相关科学文化知识奠定基础。就人文性而言，英语课程承担着提高学生综合人文 素养的任务，即学生通过英语课程能够开阔视野，丰富生活经历，发展跨文化意识，促进创新思维，形成良好品格和正 确价值观，为终身学习奠定基础。2015 年英语全国 I 卷很好地考察了学生基本的英语语言知识，具体涉及到了学生的听 力、阅读、理解、书面表达等方面。从微观上很好地察到了学生的人文素养和文化意识，充分地反应出了新课改时代背 景下高中英语的课程性质。2. 试题素材贴近生活，体现开放性，大众化2015 年英语全国 I 卷素材体现出高度生活化的特征。具体涉及到讲座相关安排，异地旅游经历，艺术家作品展览 相关事项，咖啡馆大受欢迎的现象，重建信任，帮助他人，景点介绍，生活感悟等。这些素材内容都与考生的实际生活1密切相关，大多考生都能有切身体会。试题素材不仅局限于外国生活和文化，更多地涉及到了考生的实际生活体验，融 入了更多的“中国元素”。例如英语知识运用的第二节，素材给考生讲述的就是一个著名的旅游景点——中国阳朔。试题 素材很巧妙地融合了中国文化，令人耳目一新。3. 试卷命题突出“活学活用”，强调知识运用的语境化2015 年英语全国 I 卷整体偏易，注重考察学生的英语语言基本技能和学生运用英语基础知识的能力。试卷和过往 两年一样不再是单纯的考察学生的英语知识，而是更为强调学生结合具体语言环境，从文章主题思想，社会正能量，生 活实际体验和科学的世界观、价值观等方面“活学活用”。例如，阅读理解的 28 题，该题要求考生从选项中选出一个最恰 当的词来描述“Dali”，考生需要很好地理解文章的含义，并掌握“Productive”一词的含义，然后结合具体语境才可选出该 正确选项。再举 31 题为例，该题考查 “contributions”一词在文章所代表的含义，如果考生简单的理解文章会很容易中出 题者的“圈套”而选择 C 选项 “Donations”,但结合具体语境，可知 “contributions”在文章中指的是 “Artworks”.4. 试卷命题稳中求变，力求创新2015 年英语全国 I 卷沿用了 2014 年英语全国 I 卷的总体结构，也即听力，阅读理解，“七选五”，完形填空，语法填空， 改错，书面表达七个部分。从 2014 年全国 I 卷开始去除单选转而考察语法填空后，2015 年全国 I 卷继续保留这一考题。

书面表达部分依然沿用了 2013 年和 2014 年的体裁，以写书信的形式来进行写作，力求试题的实际功能性。同时，我们 也应该看到试卷的创新性，例如完形填空 47、56 干扰项的设置不一致，“七选五”中素材的“中国元素”，这些都极好地体 现出试卷命题的创新性。全国卷 1 听力部分：2013—2015 听力部分统计数据表 试题信息 年份 2013 2014 2015 题型 第一节 146 147 139 题号 1 2 3 4 听力 5 6 7 8 9 10 词数 第二节 713 697 565 合计 859 844 748 话题 询问时间 天气状况 赶时间开会 课程培训 请求关上无线电 假期行程 确定菜单 健康与工作 租赁房屋 英国人的下午茶2历时平均语速 （wpm）5`36`` 5`17`` 5`02``160 160 1492015 听力考查内容及设问方式双向细目表阅读理解：2013—2015 年英语新课标全国 I 卷阅读理解双向细目表 年份 试题信息 A篇 B篇 语 篇 解 读 D篇 第二节 细节题 主旨题 词义推断题 推断题 文本阅读总量 对比结果 应用文——英国国家 美术馆的参观指南 说明文——商业和商 业管理简介 8 1 1 5 1281（1131+150） C篇 记叙文——关于省钱 和花钱的观点与做法 说明文——描述新生 儿对数字的认知实验 议论文——撒谎者动 机解读 应用文——剑桥科技 节的活动通知 记叙文——旅鸽在美 国的灭绝过程 议论文——向驯狮人 学习如何集中注意应 对选择障碍 记叙文——学者对濒 危语种进行记录拯救 说明文——帮助孩子 为未来职业做准备 8 1 1 5 1405（1178+227） 1 5 1246（1001+245） 应用文——伦敦运 河博物馆每月讲座 记叙文——亲近西 红柿， 感受异样冬天 说明文——Salvador Dali 的作品在巴黎展 览馆展出的细节 议论文——精神咖 啡馆在法国兴起的 原因及其影响 说明文——重建人 际关系中的信任 9 2013 2014 2015 年同：上表显示，近三年全国课标 I 卷阅读选材地道，贴近学生 实际，体裁多样。在选材上保持了知识性、趣味性强，信息量不是很 大，语篇长度适中，题材与体裁广泛的特点，彰显文化特色，考查考 生快速获取、处理、分析信息的能力。5 篇文章按难度渐进排列，阅 读总量 1800-2000 词之间，细节题略多于或相当于推断题试题数量。

异：15 届阅读选取了两篇记叙文，且细节题占总量的 60%之多，所 以难度有明显下降，阅读部分难度预计 0.7。未作主旨题考查。32015 年全国卷 1 英语阅读双向细目表1. 阅读理解2015 年英语全国 I 卷效仿 2014 年英语全国 I 卷，以一篇简单的应用文让考试很快地 进入考试状态。试题设置由 浅入深，由易及难，梯度和难度设置非常合理。四篇文章文体覆盖全面，内容涉及面宽广。主要考察考生的理解能力和 推断能力。其中细节理解题有 9 题（21、22、23、25、28、29、30、32、33），判断推理题有 5 题（24、26、27、34、 35），30 题为词义推测题。过往三年全国 I 卷都有考察主旨大意题，但 2015 年英语全国 I 卷却未出现（但不能排除以后不考） 。需要注意的是 30 题的词义推测题不再是以往的不包含在考纲内的词汇，而是考试在平常 学习中的常见词。因此该题的 C 项 “Donations”非常具有干扰性，需要结合具体语境才能选出正确选项。另外 34、35 题 的设置稍有难度，需要考试仔细应答。同时试卷的阅读理解部分也有着不合理之处，例如 21、22、23、29 和 30 题，这 几题几乎可以根据原文可以选出正确选项，笔者认为应该提高点难度，让考生通过自己的理解来得出答案。这部分的第 二节向考生宣扬正能量。体现一种人文关怀，突出情感体验，能够非常好地帮助考生建立正确的世界观和价值观。4完形填空：2013—2015 年英语新课标全国 I 卷完形填空考向双向细目表 年份 试题信息 体裁 语篇解读 课标话题 文本长度 答案长度 平均间距 阅读语速（wpm） 动词 名词 考 点 分 布 介词（短语） 连词 1 1 形容词 副词 代词 记叙文 体验轮椅的使用，感 受残障人生活 日常活动 议论文 重复做的事会让各年 龄段的人感到厌烦 社会 人 家庭、朋友与周围 的人 249 80 12.45 21.93 6 6 5 1 207 80 10.35 20.47 7 7 4 2 252 82 12.6 22.27 6 7 3 3 1 记叙文 在超市附近施舍穷 2013 2014 20152.完形填空2015 年英语全国 I 卷的完形填空讲述的是日常生活话题—助人为乐，素材理解难度适中，设空合理，侧重考查考生的语 篇层面理解和词汇运用能力。所提供的选项中，词性相同，只有词义差异，学生必须在理解语篇意义和把握逻辑连贯的 基础上，选择最得体的词。该部分和 2013 年和 2014 年一样，主要还是考查实词（动词 7 个，名词 6 个，形容词和副词 各 3 个，代词 1 个） ，考查点分布合理，符合近几年完型填空的考察趋势和特点。另外需要注意的是这次的完型填空出 现了几个“新”特点。首先是出现不少的长句填词的考点，例如，42、43,45、46 和 48、49、50 等，这是和 2014 年的完型 填空的不同之处。其次是选项中出现了形式不一致的情况，例如 44、47、56，这是最大最新的变化，笔者认为在以后的 高考中还可能会出现这些特征。但我们同时也要认识到该部分试题的不足之处，有几个题，干扰选项设置不太合理，例 如 46、60 等。总体而言，这次的完型填空还是很好的考察了学生运用语言知识和理解能力的。5语法填空：2014—2015 年英语新课标全国 I 卷语法填空考点双向细目表年份 2014 项目 体裁 语篇解读 议论文 通过人们净化 Cuyahoga River 的过程说明改变需要努力和耐 心 文本长度 名词 动词 形容词 副词 考 点 分 布 介词 冠词 从句 时态 语态 非谓语动词 类 型 已知提示类 上下文语境类 7 3 1 1（定） 1 1 2 7 3 1（定） 1 连词 1 代词 180 1 1 3 1 2 1 记叙文 通过对阳朔之旅的回忆， 表达对阳朔的热爱和向往 之情 166 1 1 20152014~2015 年高考英语全国卷语法填空命题分析2014~2015 年高考英语全国卷 “语法填空”命题分析 高考英语全国卷从 2014 年开始作出一个非常大的调整，摒弃延续了 几十年的“单项填空” ，改为“语篇/法填空” 。也就是说，从以前的单纯6考查“语法知识”转变为现在的“语法结合语篇理解” ，更加强调语法和 词汇的运用。对于做惯单选题或者说不熟悉语法、单选题靠“猜”来得分 的同学来讲，这种改变无疑大大增加了试题难度；而对于单词掌握较好、 语法概念清晰的同学来讲，语法难度降低了， “胜算”甚至得满分的把握 却反而加大了。

因为新题型刚刚用过两届，我们还无法准确把握它的命题趋向，但我 们可以了解它的题目设置原则及规律，以期考出较好的成绩（以满分 15 分为目标） 。

语篇填空的基本设置原则是这样的：在一篇 200 个单词左右 的文章中留出 10 个空白，要求考生根据上下文填写出空白处所需内容或 所提供单词的正确形式。每个句子（包括从句和分句）所设空最多 2 个， 有单词提示的空是 7 个，其余 3 个无提示。有提示的空多半是填写名词、 代词、动词（包括系动词 be） 、形容词和副词的正确形式，其中以动词居 多；无提示的空基本上是冠词、固定搭配的介词、连词、定语从句的关系 词 （目前还未考过关系副词） 、 助动词和连接副词各 1 个无重复， 其中 “or” 、 “which” 、 “and” 、 “the”必须掌握。也就是说，有提示的是实词，而无 提示的基本上是虚词。

这里需要明确两点：1、所填的每一空仅限三个词以内，而目前考过的最 高填词数是两个:“to do” ，不涉及“现在完成进行时 have been doing”这 类至少有三个词的时态；2、目前不要求填“情态动词” 。

至于难度，从 做题情况来体会，全国一卷文章的文体分别是议论文和游记，而且是混合 时态，难度略高于全国二卷，而全国二卷的文体分别是记叙文和说明文， 时态单一，相对容易理解和把握；2014 年语法填空题难度略高于 2015 年。3.语法填空该部分素材是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。自从 2014 年全国卷改变了单选 的考察转而考察语法填空后，宣布了单选告别了高考舞台。这部分的知识点的考察集中，依旧是侧重语境和语言知识的结合。考点涉及到了时态（61、 67） ，名词单复数 （65） ，副词（62、 69） ，非谓语动词（68 conducted 作后置定语，70 living 作后置定语） ，代词（63、64） ，介词（66） 。7短文改错：2013—2015 年英语新课标全国 I 卷短文改错考向双向细目表年份 2013 项目 体裁 语篇解读 记叙文 对祖母的回忆 记叙文 种植、分享西红柿 议论文（随笔） 成年时在城市生活， 渴望保护环境 文本长度 名词 动词 形容词 考 点 分 布 副词 代词 连词 介词 冠词 从句 时态 非谓语动词 错词 类 型 多词4.短文改错20142015112 197 1109 1 12 2 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 122 1 1 11 1 8 1 1 8 1 119少词1该部分和 2013 年和 2014 年一样都是记叙文，讲述的是作者以前希望在城市居住，现在开始怀念乡下生活，转而 引出环境问题和保护环境的必要性。考点分别有动词时态，冠词，连词，介词，形容词，名词单复数，代词等，考点没 有重复，而且在素材中分布合理。8书面表达：2013—2015 年英语新课标全国 I 卷书面表达考向双向细目表年份 项目 题材 体裁 命题形式 计划与愿望 书信 文字提示（提纲类） 1. 自我介绍 2. 参加意图（介绍中 写作要点 国，理解其他国家） 3. 希望获准 2013 2014 2015计划与愿望书信 图文转换类 1. 外貌介绍 接机要素：航班号和 到达时间（信件开头 结尾给出）社会和文化 书信 文字提示（半开放类） 1.栏目介绍2. 要点：开会，捎画； 2.稿件内容篇幅要求词数 100 左右5. 书面表达该部分沿用过往两年的写作风格，依旧是书信的形式。试题并没有给出过多的限定成分，相反的是给了考生巨大 的发挥空间，让考生有事可想，有话可说，有文可写，体现出了极大的开放性。这样命题符合高中学生的认知特点和心 理特征，很好的关注了学生的个性差异。但是该命题也提醒我们要强调学生关注外国文化，众所周知，语言的学习离不 开文化，脱离文化这个背景来学习语言，只会事倍功半，效率极大下降。因此笔者认为在日常实际教学中，广大中学教 师应当注重学生的外国文化教育和学生文化修养的提高。三、 结束语2015 年英语全国 I 卷是一分难易适中，试题涉及合理，命题思路明确的好试卷。试卷沿用过往优秀之处，努力追 求创新。对于广大师生而言，2015 年英语全国 I 卷具有很好的指向性，而对于试题研究和编辑人员而言，2015 年英语全 国 I 卷具有极大的参考性。9【备战 2016】2015 年高考英语新课标全国卷 I 命题浅析二、试卷命题具体分析10