2018职称英语考试卫生类阅读判断训练题4_2018卫生职称英语考试
Step Back in Time
Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman 1ived to be 45.But now，she Can live until at least 80.
One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for US and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.
But in order that we don’t slip back into bad habits，let’s have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.
Families had between 15 and 20 children，athough many babies didn’t live long.Children suffered from lots of diseases，especially rickets(佝偻病)and scurvy(坏血病)，which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.
Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up, bending over a piece of string，because there was no room for them to lie down.
People didn’t have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills(窗台板)，blocks of ice，or even burying it in the garden.
Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight lo earn money for their parents.If you had lived 100 years ago，you might well be selling matchsticks(火柴杆)(a job done by many children)or working with your dad by now.
16 On average women lived longer than men 1 00 years ago.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
17 People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
18 A hundred years ago many kids died at all early age.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
19 Poor diets can lead to such diseases as rickets and scurvy.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
20 People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
21 An Englishman invented the fridge in the 1920s.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
22 Life was not easy for many children living 1 00 years ago.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
答案：
16 C 文章第一段虽然提到女性的寿命现在要比一百年前长得多，但并没有提及一百年前女性是否比男性寿命要长一事。
17 B 文章第二段明确介绍了人们现在比过去长寿的原因。
18 A 文章第四段头一句便说一百年前，许多孩子很小便夭折了。
19 A 文章第四段提到，佝偻病与坏血病都是饮食不良引发的。
20 B 文章第五段提到，人们过去之所以站着睡觉是因为房子太小，而非出于喜欢。
21 C 文章第六段只是说，直到20世纪20年代人们才有了冰箱可用，但并没有说明冰箱是谁发明的：
22 A 从文章第四以及最后一段不难看出，一百年前，生活对许多孩子来说都是十分不易的。