2018年职称英语《综合类》概括大意与完成句子训练2|2018职称英语考试时间
2016职称英语《综合类》概括大意与完成句子训练2
阅读下面的短文，每篇短文后的练习分两部分，第一部分要求从所给的选项里选出所标段落的段落标题；第二部分要求根据文章的内容用所给的选项来完成句子。
Transport and Trade
Transport is one of the aids to trade.By moving goods from places where they are plentiful to places where they are scarce,transport adds to their value.The more easily goods can be brought over the distance that separates producer and consumer,the better for trade.When there were no railways,no good roads,no canals,and only small sailing ships,trade was on a small scale.
The great advances made in transport during the last two hundred years were accompanied by a big increase in trade.Bigger and faster ships enabled a trade in meat to develop between Britain and New Zealand,for instance.Quicker transport makes possible mass-production and big business,drawing supplies from,and selling goods to,all parts of the globe.Big factories could not exist without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes.Big city stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the suburbs and goods delivered to their homes.Big cities could not survive unless food could be brought from a distance.
Transport also prevents waste.Much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it could not be taken quickly to inland towns.Transport has given us a much greater variety of foods and goods since we no longer have to live on what is produced locally.Foods which at one time could be obtained only during a part of the year can now be obtained all through the year.Transport has raised the standard of living.
By moving fuel,raw materials,and even power,as,for example,through electric cables,transport has led to the establishment of industries and trade in areas where they would have been impossible before.Districts and countries can concentrate on making things which they can do better and more cheaply than others and can then exchange them with one another.The cheaper and quicker transport becomes,the longer the distance over which goods can profitably be carried.Countries with poor transport have a lower standard of living.
Commerce requires not only the moving of goods and people but also the carrying of messages and information.Means of communication,like telephones,cables and radio,send information about prices,supplies,and changing conditions in different parts of the world.In this way,advanced communication systems also help to develop trade.
练习：
1、Paragraph 2 ____
2、Paragraph 3 ____
3、Paragraph 4 ____
4、Paragraph 5 ____
A.Higher living standard
B.Importance of transport in trade
C.Various means of transport
D.Birth of transport-related industries and trade
E.Role of information in trade
F.Public transportation
5、The development of modern means of transport ____.
6.Only when goods can be carried to all parts of the world quickly ____.
7、Transport has made it possible for people to eat whatever food they want ____.
8、In the trade of modern society the transmission of information plays as important a role as ____.
A.to send goods to various parts of the world
B.at any time during the year
C.has greatly promoted trade
D.is it possible to produce on a large scale
E.the transport of goods
F.it is possible to produce on a large scale
答案：BADECDBE
词汇：
aid /eid/ n.帮助，援助 plentiful /"plentiful/ adj.充裕的，丰富的 scarce /skeos/ adj.匮乏的，缺少的 canal /fe"nael/ n.运河 suburbs /"sAbsbz/ 作？郊区 deliver /di"liva/ v.送（货） port /po：t/ n.港口 cable /丨keibl/队电缆 commerce /"komss/ n.商业
注释：
add to：增添，增加
on a small scale：小规模地。注意这里用的介词是on.
accompany ...伴随。例如：The dance was accompanied by music.音乐伴舞c
live on：以……为主食
concentrate on：集中
答案与题解：
B.这段讲的是交通在贸易中的重要性。
A.这段讲的是交通能促使生活水平提高。
D.这段讲的是交通促进当地产业和贸易的发展。
E.这段讲到除了货物的运输外，信息的传递对贸易来说也非常重要。
C.本句缺少句子的谓语动词，只有这个选项符合这个语法要求。
D.这个句子是以only开头的，强调后面的状语从句，所以后面出现的主句应该皇倒装的,在几个选项中只有D符合要求。
B.这句话的意思可见第三段，缺少的仅是一个时间状语。
E.在这个as后面应该填入的必然是个和the transmission of information并列的短语；B.P一个名词短语。
译文：
交通与贸易
交通是贸易的辅助手段之一。把货物从它们比较丰富的地区运到这种货物稀少的地区，交通 增加了它们的价值。把货物从生产者那里运送到一定距离之外的消费者那里越容易，对贸易就越 有利。过去没有铁路，没有很好的公路，也没有运河，只有小帆船，所以贸易的规模很小。
在过去的两百年中，运输业取得了巨大的进展，伴之而来的是贸易的迅猛增长。例如，更大 更快的轮船使英国和新西兰之间发展了肉食贸易。快捷的运输使大批量的生产和大的企业成为可 能。它们从全球各地购买原料，又把产品销售到全球各地。如果没有方便的交通把他们所需的大 批工人从家乡带来或送回，大的工厂就不可能存在。除非顾客们能很快从郊区赶到城里并且货物 能迅速地被送到家里，否则，城市里的大商场也不可能发展起来。除非食物能从远处运来，否则,大城市也无法生存。
交通能够防止浪费。如果大量的鱼被运到了港口却不能很快送往内陆城镇，那么很多就要被 浪费。交通使我们的食品和货物丰富起来，因为我们再也无须以当地所产的东西为主要食品了。 过去一年内某一时间才能得到的食物现在一年四季都可以得到。交通提高了人们的生活水平。
通过运输燃料、原料，甚至电力（例如，可通过电缆），交通使工业和贸易在原来不可能的 地区发展起来，地区和国家可以集中生产那些比别的地区成本低、质量又好的产品，然后互相交 换。交通运输越便宜越快捷，那么货物的产地和目的地之间的距离就越远，同时又能贏利。交通 落后的国家生活水平也较低6
商业的发展不仅需要有货物和人口的迁移，而且要求信息的传递。一些联系手段，如电话、 电报和无线电广播可以给人们带来世界各地的价格、供应的信息，让人们了解变化的情况。先进 的通信系统可以以这种方式帮助发展贸易。