2018年职称英语考试卫生类模拟套题一：概括大意_卫生职称英语考试题
第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4
Global Warming
1 Smoke is clouding our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three-quarters of the greenhouse （温室） effect. That might sound like good news, but experts say that as the cover diminishes in coming decades, we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses. 2 This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem, Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together, including Nobel prize winner Paul Crutzen and Swedish 4
scientist Bert Bolin, former chairman of the UN"s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC）. 3 IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols （浮质） of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest, crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight and counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide （二氧化物） emissions. Until now, they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 0.2℃. So the 0.6℃ of warming over the past century would have been 0.8℃ without aerosols. 4 But the Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure is even higher－aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as three-quarters, cutting increases by 1.8℃. If so, the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is now. But the bad news is that the climate system is much more sensitive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed. 5 As those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall, that means "dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change", the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop.
23 Paragraph 2_______
24 Paragraph 3_______
25 Paragraph 4 ______
26 Paragraph 5_______
A Atmospheric Scientists
B The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop
C The Previous Calculations of the Effect of Aerosols
D The Scientists" Agreement
E The Authoritative Conclusion
F Greenhouse Gases
27 When the cover diminishes in the coming decades, temperature__________ . 28 The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop__________. 29 The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure__________. 30 The increase of greenhouse gases__________.
A will influence future climate change
B was somewhat surprising
C will rise rapidly
D was known to us all
E was much higher than had been expected
F will drop dramatically
参考答案：
23 E 第二段讲了在柏林的达勒姆的一个研讨会上得到了这个引人注目的结论。这个研讨会聚集了很多权威的科学家。所以The Authoritative Conclusion概括了本段的内容。
24 C 第三段讲了IPCC的科学家之前怀疑烟雾中的浮质以及热带雨林、废弃物、化石燃料的燃烧而产生的颗粒物阻止了阳光的射入，抵消了二氧化物排放而引起的温室效应。所以The Previous Calculations of the Effect of Aerosols概括了本段的内容。
25 B 第四段讲了柏林研讨会的结论。所以The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop概括了本段的内容。
26 D 第五段讲了科学家们对研讨会上草拟的报告达成了一致。所以The Scientists" Agreement概括了本段的内容。
27 C 文章第一段指出：随着大气覆盖层的降低我们正面临着温度的快速升高，上升速度会是官方预测的两倍甚至三倍。
28 B 文章第四段中柏林研讨会上的结论指出：大气中的浮质已经降低了地球温度1.80C，较之前IPCC的科学家怀疑的温度降低的更多。但是大气会对温室气体更加的敏感。
29 E 文章第四段开头即指出柏林研讨会上的数据比之前IPCC预测的数据更高。
30 A 文章第四、五段指出科学家们对这次研讨会的报告达成共识：大气会对温室气体更加的敏感温室气体会影响未来气候的变化。