如何破解托福口语第四题|托福黄金口语80题
一、题目介绍
第四题包含了读、听、说三项内容。首先，要在45秒内阅读一篇75至100字左右的学术短文，内容会涉及某个学术名词以及该名词的定义解释。之后，听力部分是一段课堂内容节选， 教授会引用一个或两个具体的实例来解释说明阅读短文中的学术概念。最后，同学们需要将阅读和听力部分所记录的重点复述出来。
下面让我们来熟悉一下这种题型，看如何在阅读短文时掌握大概内容，从上课内容中听出细节，最后将两者联系起来回答问题。
二、例题讲解
我们以2012年12月8日新托福口语考试第四题为例来看一下如何解答这类题目。
1. 解题步骤
第一步：读短文
Promotion Risk
In management science, a "promotion risk” is an individual with the following features. First, the individual has been promoted into a high or relatively high position in the company. He has been promoted because of demonstrated superior abilities for some of his position’s more important tasks. However, the individual also displays certain weaknesses for performing other of his position’s duties. Such a person is a “risk” because his weaknesses may lead to serious errors which damage the company or reduce profits. So the company must consider the risk when making the promotion or hiring decision.
阅读技巧：
1)在45秒内迅速地将标题及其定义记录下来，例如：
标题：Promotion Risk
定义：Promotion Risk: something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.
也可以将定义缩写，比如：
Promotion Risk: risk face by 司→promote sb. ∵ability→profit, but weak→损
2)然后将标题和定义带入下面的模板，完成阅读部分的复述：
The reading is about an academic topic known as promotion risk which refers to something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.
第二步：听录音
教授在举例解释定义之前会重新阐明一下标题的定义，这部分内容不需要记录。拿好笔，记录讲座的具体事例。请注意下面听力原文中的粗体字。
I think most of us know, or have heard about, someone who is a promotion risk. Generally speaking, the person has talents which may produce great success for his company; however, his weaknesses may also destroy the effect of those successes by reducing profits or driving away other talented staff. To help you understand the concept,