[从符号角度分析文化的差异性] 从跨文化角度分析交际中的性别差异

　　摘 要：人类生活在一个充满符号的世界里。来自于不同国家的人们有其各自不同的习惯，这些都与其文化因素密不可分。这与索绪尔提出的能指与所指的任意性是一致的，所以，就某种程度而言，正是我们日常生活中的这些不同形式的符号体现了不同国家的文化和风俗习惯。
　　关键词：符号；非语言性符号；文化差异
　　Abstract:Our human beings are living in the world where is full of varies kinds of signs. People from different countries and areas have their own habits and customs which are culturally based. That is in line with the theory put forward by Saussure that the link unifying signifier and signified is arbitrary. So to some extent, these different kinds of signs reflect the cultures and conventions among different countries.
　　Key words:sign;non-verbal sign;cultural differences
　　Analysis of Cultural Differences from the Perspective of Signs
　　Ⅰ.Introduction
　　The Purpose of the Study
　　According to the research of the signs, the world is full of signs and everything around us can be seemed as different kinds of signs to our human beings. So it is significant for us to make a study of the different kinds of signs under different backgrounds.
　　Ⅱ.The Definition and the Classification of the Sign
　　According to Saussure, the signifier and the signified are the two components of the sign system. The link unifying signifier and signified is arbitrary. Saussure thought sign can be divided into two parts: verbal and non-verbal sign. While Peirce classified sign system from anther category: icon, index and symbol.
　　Ⅲ. The Sign Connected with Our Body
　　According to Saussure, sign can be divided into verbal sign and non-verbal sign, so we can take sign as a part of nonverbal communication. As we know, the sign is closely connected with our body, for example the appearance, posture, gesture and facial expression.
　　A．Appearance
　　Philosopher Thomas Fuller said, "By the husk you may judge from the nuts." It is thought that appearance which can be seen as a kind of sign reflects the characteristics of the people around world. In most cases, the Americans are intended to value the appearance of fall, slender women. While in Japan, diminutive females are considered the most attractive than the plump women. In China, many women often keep their hairstyles simple and make little attempt to draw attention to themselves through self-decoration such as colorful scarves, jewelry or makeup[1].
　　B．Posture
　　Posture offers insight into a culture"s deep structure, so it also can be seen as a sign to reflect the different cultures and backgrounds. The posture refers to the general way of holding the body when we are standing, sitting, lying, squatting, kneeling, running and walking etc.