[小乳腺癌的声像图与穿刺活检诊断价值分析] 乳腺癌穿刺活检的危害
【摘要】 目的 分析乳腺小肿块临床特点、彩超声像图特征及高频超声下定位穿刺活检,提高诊断早期乳腺病变的准确率。 方法 通过研究乳腺小肿块84例(乳腺癌44例,良性肿瘤40例),怀疑恶性的24例乳腺肿块进行超声下定位穿刺活检,全部病例均经手术和病理证实。先用二维超声观察肿块的数量、边界、大小、内部回声、后方及侧壁回声、有无钙化、纵横比。然后在高频彩超下观察周边及病变内部的血流情况,并测量血流动力学参数。 结果 高频彩超与超声下定位穿刺活检联合应用,恶性肿块的诊断特异性为93.8%、准确性为92.3%,敏感性为90.8%。 结论 联合应用高频彩超与高频超声下定位穿刺活检,对于诊断和鉴别诊断乳腺小肿块,可明显提高诊断乳腺病变的准确率。
【关键词】
高频彩超;穿刺活检;乳腺小肿块
Ultrasound and biopsy diagnosis of the clinical value of small breast lumps
CHEN Jun-xiang. Dept.of Ultrasonic Diagnosis,the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang 261041,China
【Abstract】 Objective
Analysis of sonographic features of early breast cancer, clinical features and ultrasound guided biopsy improve the early diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods Studied 84 patients with small breast tumors (40 cases were benign tumors, 44 cases of breast cancer), malignant in 24 cases of suspicious breast mass ultrasound guided biopsy, all cases were confirmed by pathology and surgery. The first two-dimensional ultrasound tumor size, number, boundaries, aspect ratio, internal echo, with or without calcification, and the rear wall echo. Then in color Doppler flow imaging of tumor blood flow within and around the measured hemodynamic parameters. Results High-frequency ultrasound and ultrasound guided biopsy in combination, the diagnosis of malignant lesions was 90.8% sensitivity and specificity of 93.8%, accuracy 92.3%. Conclusion Attention to signs of early cancer, combined with color Doppler ultrasonography and ultrasound guided biopsy and axillary lymph nodes combined with ultrasound breast mass ultrasound can improve diagnostic accuracy.
【Key words】
High-frequency ultrasound; Early breast cancer;Needle biopsy
乳腺的恶性肿瘤是近几年来妇女的常见病多发病,其发病率逐年升高,已成为女性恶性肿瘤的首位[1]。早期诊断决定乳腺癌预后,高频彩超是发现早期乳腺癌的重要方法。本文回顾早期乳腺肿瘤的声像图特征与对照病理分析,探讨高频彩超对早期乳腺肿瘤诊断价值。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
通过分析我院2010年1月至2011年12月高频彩超检查的乳腺小肿块的患者共84例(其中恶性乳腺肿瘤44例,良性肿瘤40例),入选所有病例均无明显临床症状,无意中发现,小肿块最大直径小于等于2 cm,选择高频彩超不确定其恶、良的24例乳腺小肿块,进行高频彩超下定位穿刺活检,全部病例均经手术和病理证实。根据小肿块大小分为两组:A组45例,肿块最大直径小于1 cm为;B组39例,小肿块最大直径大于1 cm而小于等于2 cm。
1.2 仪器设备
采用GEV7型高频彩超检查仪,高频探头频率为7.5~12 MHz,选择乳腺检查条件,调整脉冲重复频率,调整聚焦位置、深度,取样容积宽度为1.0~2.0 mm。
1.3 检查方法
患者上举双臂,仰卧位,必要时采取侧、斜卧位,充分地暴露腋窝及乳房,扫查乳房的各个象限。
1.4 统计学方法 计数资料的比较采用卡方检验,以 P <0.05认为具有统计学差异,计量资料采用均数±标准差( x ±s )表示。
2 结果
2.1 84例乳腺病变的分级,其中A组(45例)良性19例,可疑恶性16例,恶性10例;B组(39例)良性15例,可疑恶性8例,恶性16例。
