当前位置:首页 > 作文大全 > 浅析高中阶段定语从句_初中阶段定语从句
 

浅析高中阶段定语从句_初中阶段定语从句

发布时间:2019-07-02 03:54:48 影响了:

  中图分类号:G427 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1033-2738(2012)07-0226-02  摘要:定于从句是高中重点、难点,也是高考常考点、易错点。学生不容易掌握,时常顾了这头忘了那头。这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句和关系副词引导的定语从句,判断关系代词与关系副词、限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容。
  关键词:定语从句;关系代词;关系副词;限制性定语从句;非限制性定语从句
  定义:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
  定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做关系代词(who, whom, whose, that, which)或关系副词(when, where, why),关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间,起着连接主从句、指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。
  一、关系代词引导的定语从句
  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
  (1)who、whom、that
  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。The man who/that is talking with my father is a policeman.(who/that在从句中作主语)。
  The professor(whom/that) you wish to see has gone abroad..(whom/that在从句中作宾语)。
  (2) whose 用来指人或物,在从句中作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换。
  Sarah got an email from the woman whose house we visited last week. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.
  (3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
  例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)。
  注意: which 和 that 的用法区别, Which 和that 都指物时,在下列情况下,只能用that不用which。
  (1)当先行词是all,everything,nothing(no),much,any,little等不定代词,或被其修饰时。He did everything that he could for me. No news that he tells us is good.
  (2) 当先行词被最高级、次数此以及the evry, the only修饰时。
  This is the first play that I have seen since I came here .
  (3) 当先行词既指人,又指物时。
  They talked about the persons and things that they saw in the factory.
  (4) 当主句是以who 或which 开头的疑问句时,为了避免重复而用that.
  Who is the man that is standing under the big tree? Which is the book that you love best?
  (5) 当先行词在从句中作表语时。
  Our country is no longer the country that it used to be.
  在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which 不能用that。
  二、关系副词引导的定语从句
  关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\”介词+ which\”结构,因此常常和\”介词+ which\”结构交替使用。
  例如:October 1st ,1949 is the day when (on which) the People’s Republic of China was founded.This is the place where(at which/in which) we first met.The reason why(for which) he was late was that he missed his train.
  三、关系代词与关系副词的选择
  用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中所起的作用:
  方法一:如果定语从句中的谓语动词是及物动词,而其后又没有宾语;或者从句中缺少主语或表语,就用关系代词引导定语从句。
  方法二:如果定语从句中的谓语是不及物动词,或已有了宾语、主语和表语等成分,也就是说从句中缺状语,就要用关系副词引导这个定语从句。
  比较:
  (1)I know a place where we can swim. 我知道一个我们可以游泳的地方(从句中缺地点状语)。
  (2)I know a place which/that is not far from here.我知道一个离这儿不远的地方。(从句缺主语)。

猜你想看
相关文章

Copyright © 2008 - 2022 版权所有 职场范文网

工业和信息化部 备案号:沪ICP备18009755号-3