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浅说初中英语中have和there,be的用法及区别|初中英语单词大全5000

发布时间:2019-06-29 03:54:07 影响了:

  在平时的教学中,发现有很多学生对have的用法及there be的用法掌握的不太好,现总结如下:  一、have的用法  1.“有,拥有”强调所属关系,表示“拥有”的意思,其主语是人或物,如:
  ①I have an eraser. 我有一块橡皮。
  ②They dont have two basketballs. 他们没有两个篮球。
  ③This jacket has no pockets. 这件夹克没有口袋。
  2.have (吃)+一日三餐的名词,意思是用餐。
  I often have breakfast at 7:00. 我经常7点吃早饭。
  3.have (吃)+食物或水果或蔬菜的名词,表示“吃……”,have +可数名词复数或不可数名词的原型。
  ①They have eggs and bread for breakfast. 他们吃鸡蛋或面包作为早餐。
  ②My sister usually has ice cream in summer. 我妹妹通常在夏天吃冰淇林。
  4.have + a +表示动作的名词,与表示动作的名词同义。
  ①Whats happening over there? Lets have a look. 那边发生了什么?让我们去看看。
  ②Im thirsty. I want to have a drink. 我渴了,想喝一杯。
  5.have +科目=have + a/an +科目+ class= have +科目+ classes,表示“上……课”。
  ①Does Lucy have an art class on Monday? Lucy周一上美术课吗?
  ②They have nine maths classes in a week. 他们一周上9节数学课。
  6.have +表示某种活动的名词,意为“举办……”。
  ①Tomorrow is my birthday. Im going to have a birthday. 明天是我的生日,我打算举办生日宴会。
  ②We have an Art Day in school every year. 每一年在学校我们举办一个艺术节。
  7.have + adj.+人体部位名词。
  ①I have long arms. 我有长长的手臂。
  ②David has short hair. David有一头短发。
  8.have + adj.+服装名词。
  I have blue sweater. 我有件蓝色的毛衣。
  9.have + a +人体部位疼痛的名词。
  ①I have a headache. 我头疼。
  ②Mary has a stomachache. 玛丽肚子疼。
  二、there be句型
  there be句型是初中英语中常见的特殊句型,用于表示“某地存在有某人(或某物),家中几口人”。其形式为“There be +主语+地点/时间状语”,句型中的there be起引导作用,并无实际意义,句子中真正的主语是be后的名词。
  1.表示家里有几口人,习惯上用there be句型。
  There are five people in Lucys family. Lucy家里有五口人。
  2.there be句型的就近原则。如果主语是两种或两种以上的东西或人时,be动词与第一个保持一致。
  ①There is a desk and a boy over there. 那边有一张桌子和一个男孩。
  ②There are some books and a pencilcase on the desk. 桌子上有一些书和一只文具盒。
  3.主语是可数或不可数名词时。
  ①There is +单数名词/不可数名词原型+……。
  ②There are +复数名词+……。
  ③There is some water in the glass. 杯子中有一些水。
  ④There are some boys here. 这儿有一些男孩儿。
  4.there be句型的反义疑问,符合平时的“前肯定,后否定;前否定,后肯定”规则。
  ①There is little orange in a bottle, is there? 瓶中没有桔汁了,是吗?
  ②There were some Englishmen yesterday, werent there? 昨天有一些英国人,对吗?
  5.there be还表示“有某人在做某事”。句式是“There be + sb. + doing sth.”。
  There are three boys standing under the tree. 树下正站着三个男孩子。
  6.there be还可表示“存在”关系。
  ①There will be a class meeting tomorrow. 明天将有一班会。
  ②Is there going to be a sports meeting next week? 下周将举行一次运动会吗?
  7.在there be句型中的be前可加情态动词。
  ①There must be something wrong. 一定有问题。
  ②There might still be hope. 可能还有点希望。
  8.在there be句型中的be可换成其它动词与there连用。
  Long long ago, there lived a king. 很久很久以前,居住着一个国王。
  9.在there be引起的句子结构中,用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。
  ①There is no time to lost. (= to be lost). 时间紧迫。
  ②There is nothing to see. (= to be seen). 看不见有什么。
  ③There is nothing to do.(= to be done). 无事可做。
  三、两者的区别。
  1.have侧重于主观方面,强调所属关系,主语多是人。
  She has five green bags. 她有5个绿色的包。
  2.there be侧重于客观方面,不强调此物归谁拥有。
  There are five hundred students on the playground. 操场上有500个学生。
  3.有时候表示“存在”,表示,“所属”时,两者都可以用。
  There is a map on the wall in Class Three. 三班的墙上有一张地图。
  There are seven days in a week. 一周有七天。
  (作者单位:河南省登封市直属第二初级中学)

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