初中英语中的特殊否定句:初中英语句型转换改为否定句

　　【摘要】肯定句变否定句的几种主要形式：代词的转换；副词的转换；形容词的转换；否定转移；　　enough to句式的转换及let 句式的转换。　　【关键词】代词none ,noone ,nobody ,nothing ,neither ,neither…nor ;nowhere ,hardly ,no
　　longer ,never ,seldomfew,little,not much 动词think ,believe ,except ,guess ;suppose
　　,imaginetoo +形容词的反义词+to do something ; let 句式
　　我们都知道在英语中将肯定句变为否定句，一般情况下是通过not构成，但并不是所有的肯定句变为否定
　　句都如此。下面从六个方面简要介绍几种特殊的否定句。
　　一、 通过代词的转换实现肯定句变否定句
　　1、若all ,everybody (everyone) ,somebody (someone) , something , everything 这些不定代词作
　　主语时，将all换为none ; everybody (everyone)换为no one ; something , everything换为nothing
　　。如：
　　1）All of the students are Young Pioneers .
　　None of the students is Young Pioneer .
　　2）Everybody knows him very much .
　　No one knows him very much .
　　3) Somebody is in the room .
　　Nobody is in the room .
　　4) There is something wrong with her .
　　There is nothing wrong with her .
　　2.若both或both…and 作主语时，则将both换为neither ；both…and换为neither…nor。如：
　　1）Both of us are teachers .
　　Neither of us is a teacher .
　　2）Both Tom and I are watching TV .
　　Neither Tom and I am watching TV .
　　3.若so 引起的倒装句式构成否定时，则将so 换为nor 。如：
　　She is good at swimming .So am I .
　　She is good at swimming .Nor am I .
　　二、通过副词的转换实现肯定句变否定句
　　1.若句中有副词everywhere时，则将everywhere换为nowhere 。如：
　　We can finf these flowers everywhere .
　　We can finf these flowers noywhere .
　　2.若句中有almost 副词时，则将almost换为hadly 。如：
　　They almost reached the top of the mountain last year .
　　They hadly reached the top of the mountain last year .
　　3.若句中有副词still 时，则将still 换为no longer 。如：
　　My father still is a teacher .
　　My father still is no longer a teacher .
　　4，若句中有副词always ，ever ，often ，usually ，sometimes 时，则将always ，ever 换为never
　　；often ，usually ，sometimes 换为seldom 。如：
　　1）Kate always helps others .
　　Kate never helps others .
　　He has ever been to Sydney .
　　He has never been to Sydney .
　　2）It often rains here .
　　It seldom rains here .
　　The man usually went for a walk after supper .
　　The man seldom went for a walk after supper .
　　The cat sometimes plays with the ball .
　　The cat seldom plays with the ball .
　　三、通过形容词的转换实现肯定句变否定句
　　若句中名词前有many (some)，much (some)，plenty of 等代词修饰时，则将many (some)换为few ；
　　much (some)换为little ；plenty of换为not much 或little 。如：
　　1）Many(some) students have been to the Great Wall .
　　Few students have been to the Great Wall .
　　2）Much(some) tea is in the cup .
　　Little tea is in the cup .
　　3）There is planty of snow in winter .
　　There is not much snow in winter .
　　There is little snow in winter .
　　四、通过否定转移实现肯定句变否定句
　　若宾语从句主句的谓语动词为think ，believe ，except ，guess ，suppose ，imagine 时，则习惯上
　　通过否定主句的谓语动词来否定从句的谓语动词，而翻译时则仍然否定从句，即我们所说的否定转移现
　　象。如：
　　I think English is important .
　　I don"t think English is important .
　　五、若句中含有形容词+enough to 时，则将形容词+ enough to换为too +形容词的反义词+to do
　　something 句式。如：
　　Ann is old enough to go to school .
　　Ann is too young to go to school .
　　六、let 句式的肯定句变否定句
　　当let 引起的表示建议的祈使句变否定句时，则在let 后加not 。如：
　　Let"s go to bed .
　　Let"s not go to bed .
　　美国人偶尔也用Don"t let …如：
　　Let"s dring together .
　　Don"t let"s dring together .
　　若为了加强语气则可以用Let"s don"t …如：
　　Let"s go on working .
　　Let"s don"t go on working .