高中英语难点讲解:忽视不得的主谓一致[强烈推荐]|高中英语主谓一致

主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上须保持一致。道理虽然简单，但其牵涉到的要点繁多，出现的形式多样，并可以各种题型出现，故不可忽视。

●难点磁场

1.(★★★★)—Each of the students,working hard at his or her lessons________ to go to university.

—So do I.

A.hope B.hopes C.hoping D.hoped

2.(★★★★★)Either you or the headmaster________ the prize for these gifted students at the meeting. (北京2001二模)

A.is handing in B.are to hand out

C.are handing in D.is to hand out

3.(★★★★)A lipary with five thousand books________ to the nation as a gift.

A.is offered B.has offered

C.are offered D.have offered

4.(★★★★★)His family________ a big one.When I came to see him last night,his family________watching TV.

A.is;was B.was;were C.is;were D.are;were

5.(★★★★★)The poor________ helped by government programs,________?

(2001武汉二模)

A.is;isn’t it B.is;isn’t he

C.are;aren’t they D.are;haven’t they

6.(★★★★)As a result of destroying the forest,a large________ of desert________ covered the land. (2001上海高考)

A.number;has B.quantity;has

C.number;have D.quantity;have

7.(★★★★★)The teacher and writer________ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

A.is B.was C.are D.were

8.(★★★★)When and where to build the new factory________ yet.

A.is not decided B.are not decided

C.has not decided D.have not decided

9.(★★★★★)Many people say 10 000________ a lot of money.

A.dollar is B.dollars are C.dollars is D.dollar are

10.(★★★★)The number of people invited________ fifty,but a number of them________ absent for different reasons.

A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were

11.(★★★★★)All that can be done________.

A.has been done B.have been done

C.have done D.has done

12.(★★★★★)More than one________ injured in the car accident.

A.have been B.has been C.are D.have

13.(★★★★)Four-fifths of the workers here________ ________ workers.

A.is woman B.are woman C.are women D.is women

14.(★★★★)To give________ to receive.

A.means B.mean C.is D.are

15.(★★★★★)His “selected poems”________ in 1955.

A.were first published B.was first published

C.have been first published D.had been first published

●案例探究

1.More than________ of the workers________ from Paris.

A.ten percents;is B.ten percent;are

C.three times;was D.percents ten;comes

命题意图：考查分数、百分数的表示法及此时的主谓一致，本题属四星级题。 知识依托：分数或百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语与of后的名词在数上保持一致。 错解分析：解该题时易误选A，误把百分之十作为整体处理，而没有考虑到是百分之十多的工人。此时所指为复数概念。

解题方法与技巧：与此情况类似的是表示部分和一定数量的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词也应与介词of后的名词保持数的一致。这些词有：

举例如下: of名词

百分数,分数

e.g.(1)Most of the money has been wasted.

(2)Every year,lots of damage is caused by fire. some,allmost,halfa lot,the restlots,plenty

但由a large quantity of,quantties of应由quantity或amount的数而定名词作主语时谓语动词 large amount of,amounts of

例如：

(1)Quantities of food are wasted every day.

(2)Amounts of money were spent on this project.

（这两个词的用法是主谓一致中的难点，同时也是常考点）

答案：B

2.Not only I but also Mary and Jane ________ tired of having one examination after another. (NMET1989)

A.is B.are C.am D.be

命题意图：考查主谓一致中的就近原则。本题属四星级题。

知识依托：由not only„but also连接并列主语时，谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致。 错解分析：本题易误选C，易误认为I 为主语，而实际上决定谓语单复数的是由Jane and Mary决定，应用就近原则，故排除C，同理排除A。

解题方法与技巧：熟记要点：

在英语中，主谓一致有三个原则：语法一致的原则，语意一致的原则和就近原则。此题是就近原则，所以答案为B。

答案：B

3.(★★★★★)Nobody but you________ what he said. (全国重点中学大联考冲刺题)

A.agrees with B.agrees out C.agree with D.agree to

命题意图：考查词组“同意„„”和主语为nobody类的不定代词时，谓语单复数的确定，该题属五星级题。

知识依托：主语为nobody时谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but,as well as,with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。

错题分析：该题易误选C、D，选D的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词to时之后应加具体项目。而选择C就在于误把you做为主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。

答案：A

4.She is the only one among the________writers who________ stories for children.

A.woman;writes B.women;write

C.women;writes D.woman;write

命题意图：考查复合名词的单复数及从句中的主谓一致。本题属于五星级题。

知识依托：woman writer的复数为women writers，而定语从句中的谓语单复数是由先行词决定的，先行词为the only one。故答案为C。

错解分析：本题易误选B，误认为先行词为writers，而实际上由于one被the only修饰，故先行词是the only one，谓语应用单数。

解题方法与技巧：本题中我们可以了解，当考查定语从句中的谓语动词形式时，需首先分清楚所修饰的先行词是谁，单数还是复数概念，从而决定从句中谓语的单、复数形式。

eg.Mary is one of the students who were late for school.

Mary is the only one of the students who was late for school.

答案：C

●锦囊妙计

1.主谓一致有个三原则：语法一致，意义一致和就近原则，无论哪一种，重要的是分清一个句子中，哪是主语，主语是单数还是复数，分清题目属于哪种一致的情况，然后确定谓语形式。这里我们简单总结一下主谓一致中常见的原则：

(1)and连接两个名词，但表同一事物，谓语用单数。

eg.The writer and singer is my best friend.

(2)each、 either、 one、 the other及不定代词等作主语时，谓语常用复数。

eg.Everybody is here.

(3)由连词or、either„or、neither„nor、not only„but also等连接并列主语时及there be句式，There be句式中谓语动词应用就近原则。

eg.Neither you nor I am to blame.

(4)国名、人名、报纸名、书名等专有名词虽以-s结尾，形式上是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。

eg.The United States is a developed country.但以-s结尾的山脉、岛、瀑布等作主语时，谓语一般用复数。

eg.The philippines lie to the southeast of China.

(5)由each修饰的名词作主语，谓语用单数。

eg.Each student has an English-Chinese dictionary.

They each have an English-Chinese dictionary.

(6)表示时间、距离、钱、重量的名词作主语，若表示整体谓语用单数，但如强调具体数量，谓语则用复数。

eg.Five hundred miles is a long distance.

Twenty years have passed since he began to work here.

(7)表示数量的one and a half后面要用复数名词作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式。

(8)定冠词the+形容词/分词表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。

(9)表示成双成套的名词，如trousers,shoes,glasses, compasses等用作主语时谓语用复数。 eg.His black trousers are too long.

2.高考中主谓一致的考查一般不会单独考查，常与时态、语态及句式（如倒装句）等相结合考查，此时如不能准确判断，不妨结合其他要点共同确定正确答案。

●歼灭难点训练

1.Plastics________ many other materials.

A.has taken place of B.has taken the place of

C.have taken place of D.have taken the place of

2.The glass works________in 1980.

A.built B.was built C.were built D.has been built

3.—Were all three people in the car accident injured in the accident?

—No,________ only the two passengers who got hurt.

A.it was B.there is C.it were D.there were

4.A cart and horse________ in the distance.

A.were B.see C.are seen D.was seen

5.No one but her parents________ it.

A.know B.knows C.is knowing D.are knowing

6.The Olympic Games________ held every four years.

A.is B.are C.was D.were

7.(★★★★★)Many a man________ come to help us.

A.have B.has C.is D.are

8.(★★★★)The rich________ not always happy.

A.are B.is C.has D.have

9.(★★★★)What you said________ quite to the point.

A.am B.are C.is D.were

10.(★★★★★)Slow and steady________ the race.

A.win B.wins C.beats D.beat

11.(★★★★★)A number of sheep________ died of a strange illness.

A.have B.has C.has been D.have been

12.(★★★★)Tom said two and three________ five.

A.be B.was C.were D.is

13.(★★★★★)One and a half bananas________ left on the table.

A.are B.will be C.being D.is

14.(★★★★)This kind of books________ popular among the students.

A.is B.are C.being D.have been

15.(★★★★★)I hope to buy such a bike as________ by John.

A.rides B.is ridden C.ridden D.are ridden