剖宫产产妇术后观察内容 [整体护理在剖宫产产妇围术期中的临床应用观察]

　　[摘要] 目的 探讨整体护理在剖宫产产妇围术期中的临床应用。 方法 选取2011年2月前后我院收治的择期行剖宫产产妇100例为观察组和对照组。对照组予以常规护理，观察组实施整体护理。比较两组产后恢复情况（离床活动时间、肛门排气时间、拔除尿管时间及术后48 h疼痛评分）、并发症及新生儿Apgar评分。 结果 观察组产妇离床活动时间、肛门排气时间、拔除尿管时间均明显早于对照组（P ＜ 0.01），术后48 h疼痛评分显著低于对照组（P ＜ 0.05）。观察组产妇并发症明显少于对照组（P ＜ 0.05），新生儿Apgar评分≥8分者明显多于对照组（P ＜ 0.05）。 结论 在剖宫产产妇围术期中采用整体护理，能有效促进剖宫产产妇产后恢复，减少并发症，提高新生儿出生质量，值得临床推广应用。
　　[关键词] 整体护理；剖宫产；围术期
　　[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2012）08（b）-0127-03
　　Clinical observation of holistic nursing on cesarean section maternal in the perioperative period
　　DING Xiaojuan
　　Depatment of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the People"s Hospital of Dazu District in Chongqing City, Chongqing 402360, China
　　[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical application of holistic nursing on cesarean section maternal in the perioperative period. Methods 50 cases of maternal scheduled for cesarean section in our hospital in the time from February to Octoberin 2011 were respectively selected as the observation group and control group. The control group received routine nursing, the observation group reveived holistic nursing. The postpartum recovery situations (time of out bed, anus exhaust time, and the catheter removal time and pain score after surgery 48 h), the complications and Apgar score were compared. Results The time of anal exhaust and out bed, catheter removal time of observation group were significantly earlier than the control group (P < 0.01), the pain scores of observation group were significantly lower than the control group at 48 h after surgery (P < 0.05). Maternal complications of the observation group was significantly less than the control group (P < 0.05), the neonates normal rate of observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The holistic nursing can effectively promote the postpartum recovery of cesarean section maternal, reduce complications and improve the quality of neonates, is worthy of clinical application.
　　[Key words] Holistic nursing; Cesarean section; Perioperative period
　　剖宫产是目前临床处理高危妊娠和解决难产的一种重要手段，对降低孕产妇和围生儿发病率和病死率有显著成效。但剖宫产并不是一种符合自然生理的分娩方式，而是一种创伤性手术，术后不仅形成瘢痕子宫，而且易出现尿潴留、寒战等并发症，威胁母婴生命安全。2011年2月～2011年10月，我院在50例剖宫产产妇围术期中采用整体护理，取得良好效果，现报道如下：
　　1 资料与方法
　　1.1 一般资料
　　随机选择2011年2～10月在我院择期行剖宫产产妇50例为观察组，同时按1∶1的比例随机抽取2011年2月前在我院收治的择期行剖宫产产妇50例为对照组。两组产妇均单胎，胎动、胎心正常，B超证实子宫大小与孕周相符合；均行子宫下段横切口剖宫产术，术中单纯硬膜外麻醉；术前分泌物、血、尿常规等检查均正常，无心、肺、肝、肾功能不全及甲状腺功能亢进等内分泌史；签署知情同意书。两组产妇年龄、体重、孕周、剖宫产原因等一般资料比较差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05），有可比性。见表1。