未来十年最紧缺职业【军医大学本科生职业兴趣调查】

　　[摘要] 目的 了解军医大学本科生的职业兴趣状况，考察其职业满意度同职业兴趣之间的关系，试图为培养、吸引和选拔部队卫生干部提供依据。 方法 以霍兰德职业兴趣测验为工具对852名军医大学本科生进行问卷调查。 结果 ①军医大学本科生的职业兴趣倾向于研究型和社会型。②不同性别本科生的职业兴趣存在显著性差异（P < 0.05），男生以研究型居多，女生以社会型和艺术型居多。③不同年级军医大学本科生的职业兴趣在研究型和常规型上差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。随着年级的升高，研究型职业兴趣逐渐增强，常规型职业兴趣逐渐减弱。④研究型和社会型职业兴趣与军医大学本科生的职业满意度存在显著性正相关关系（P ＜ 0.05）。 结论 大部分学员的职业兴趣与军事医学职业相匹配；男生较女生更适合军事医学职业；高研究高社会型个体更适合从事军事医学职业；仍然有部分学员的职业兴趣同军事医学职业不匹配。
　　[关键词] 职业兴趣；军医大学；本科生
　　[中图分类号] R395.6 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2012）07（c）-0114-03
　　Study on occupational interest of undergraduates in military medical university
　　LI Yuan
　　Department of Health Education and Medical Humanities, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
　　[Abstract] Objective To explore the characteristics of occupational interest of undergraduates in military medical university and its relationship with work satisfaction, in order to provide basis for cultivation, attraction and selection of forces health cadres. Methods Totally 852 students from a military medical university were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey with the Holland occupational psychology questionnaire. Results ①The occupational interest types of military medical university students were investigative and social. ②There were significant differences in occupational interest between different genders (P < 0.05). Males preferred investigative type, while females preferred social and artistic types. ③There were significant differences in the conventional and investigative types among different grades. With the grade elevated, occupational interest of investigative type strengthened, while the conventional type declined. ④Positive correlation were found between work satisfaction and the conventional types of investigative and social (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Occupational interest of most undergraduates is suitable for military medical vocation. Occupational interest of males is more suitable for military medical vocations than that of females. Students with high investigative and high social interest are more suitable for military medical vacations. The occupational interest of some students are not suitable for military medical vocation.
　　[Key words] Occupational interest; Military medical university; Undergraduate
　　在人的职业生涯中和职业活动中，职业兴趣具有举足轻重的作用[1-2]。如果个体的职业兴趣同其从事的职业相匹配，就能够激发个体钻研和探索的欲望，促进其能力的施展，从而有助于提高个体的职业满意度以及职业稳定性和适应性[3]。军医大学是为我军培养军事医学人才的基地，是军队卫生干部职业生涯的起点，进入军医大学也就意味着选择了军事医学职业，学员的素质将直接关系到军队卫勤建设和战斗力的提高，因此了解和考察军医大学本科生的职业兴趣状况，能够为培养、吸引和选拔部队卫生干部提供依据。