高血压患者体质较虚能补 [社区高血压患者中医体质类型的分析]

　　[摘要] 目的 了解社区高血压患者的体质特点，探讨其影响因素与中医体质类型的关系，为高血压防治提供依据。 方法 调查社区居民494例，其中高血压患者202例，通过统一制定的体质辨识表进行中医体质辨识，对高血压和非高血压人群体质进行比较，并对不同性别、不同年龄、体重指数及血压控制达标与否等因素与体质类型的关系进行分析。 结果 ①高血压组与非高血压组体质类型构成比差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。②高血压组男性痰湿质高于女性，女性阳虚质高于男性，其差异有统计学意义（P 0.05). ②In the hypertensive group, the male phlegm-dampness constitution has markedly higher than that of female, and the female yang-deficiency constitution has markedly higher than that of male (P < 0.01). ③In the hypertensive group, the people with the peace constitution after treatment by drug, the standard-reaching rate has markedly higher than that of non-reaching group (P < 0.01). Conclusion The yang-deficiency constitution is the major Pathological constitution for hypertensive, yang-deficiency constitution and phlegm-dampness constitution have a significant differences between male and female; the people with peace constitution has a better efficacy, those results show the TCM constitution feature of hypertensive and provide theoretical bases for prevent and control hypertension.
　　[Key words] Hypertension; Community; TCM constitution type
　　高血压是一种常见、多发的慢性病，也是心脑血管疾病的危险因素，目前，全国高血压患者约有2亿人。中医理论认为高血压与体质因素有关[1]，主要表现在先天秉赋、形体性质和发病年龄三个方面，大部分高血压患者，其发病与患者的先天秉赋有关。多因素综合作用下形成的高血压，其各种影响因素也可对患者的体质类型产生影响。为此，笔者对广州市荔湾区华林街社区494名居民进行中医体质辨证分型，拟寻找高血压患者中医体质类型的特征，为防治高血压提供依据。