脊休克现象的产生和恢复,说明_中、瑞教学医院教师对文化休克现象认识的对比研究

　　[摘要] 通过黑龙江省佳木斯大学附属第一医院与瑞典皇家医学院附属移植中心教师们对自己教学经历的反思，了解其对各自所教学生出现文化休克现象的认识，分析影响因素并进行对比研究。研究结果显示：瑞典教师对文化休克现象的了解比中国教师深入，比较善于处理类似问题，这与瑞典教师的英文交流能力、留学经历等有关。在带教外国医学留学生的过程中，瑞典教师教学观念与中国教师有所不同，尽管中、瑞教师都认为自身的学识与经历对学生接受知识有影响，但中国教师认为，不很好处理学生的文化休克现象带来的相关问题将影响外国学生的学习效果，而瑞典教师认为，文化休克现象对于学生的学习效果影响不大。外国学生在性格、举止、习惯等方面对中国教师的影响都显著大于瑞典教师。
　　[关键词] 中国、瑞典教学医院；教师；文化休克；影响因素
　　[中图分类号] G648.9 [文献标识码] C [文章编号] 1673-7210（2012）07（a）-0139-02
　　The comparative research between ideas of Chinese and Swedish teachers about culture shock in the teaching hospitals
　　JIN Qi1 SUN Yuhong2 DONG Hang1 HUANG Shuo3▲
　　1. Department of Internal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi 154002, China; 2.Teaching and Research Section of Basic Clinical Examination, Clinical Examination Medical School of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi 154002, China; 3.Department of Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi 154002, China
　　[Abstract] By the introspective research on teaching experience between the lecturers of the first affiliated hospital of Jiamusi university of China and the center of transplantation of Karolinska institute of Sweden, authors figure out the ideas of these teachers on the culture shock that happened on their students, analyze the influence factors and compare the differences. The data show that the understanding of culture shock in Swedish lecturers is better than Chinese lecturers, who are good at dealing with similar issues, which is related to the Swedish teachers have more abilities of English communication and more study abroad history. During the teaching of international students, the ideas on teaching of Swedish lecturers are different from Chinese lecturers. Although both sides believe that the knowledge and experience of teachers have affect on the receiving ideas of students, Chinese teachers demonstrate that if the teacher can not solve the following issues of the culture shock of students, which will have bad influence on the study of international students. While the Swedish teachers find out that the culture shock has minor influence on the study of international students. The influences of character, behavior and customer of international students on Chinese teachers are more than Swedish teachers.
　　[Key words] China and Sweden teaching hospital; Teacher; Culture shock; Influence factor
　　随着世界范围内的文化交流，佳木斯大学有幸于2005年成为黑龙江省首批招收医学留学生的大学之一。由于采用全英语授课，因此，作为教学医院的医生和教师，面对外国留学生的文化休克现象以及由此产生的诸多问题，有许多困惑亟待解决。要了解青年教师可能面临的问题与挑战，就需要探讨文化休克等影响教师教学观念的各种因素。20世纪50年代以来，学者就文化休克现象进行了深入探讨和广泛研究[1]，研究和实践中发现，引起中外教师教学效果差异的原因有很多，但总的来说，主要是与文化、历史、地理、风俗、习惯等不同有关，这些必然带来青年教师教学效果等方面的差异。本研究从青年教师对于外国学生文化休克现象的理解和解决方法等方面入手，通过访谈和问卷方式探讨中、瑞教学医院教师如何看待医学留学生的学习效果以及影响因素，以此为中、外教学医院教师的教学和自身水平的提高提供思路，为改进医学院校教师素质提供理论参考。