冠心病是什么状况 嘉定镇社区40岁以上居民冠心病流行状况及危险因素分析
摘 要 目的：了解嘉定镇社区40岁以上居民冠心病流行状况及危险因素。方法：采用现场问卷的方法，对嘉定镇社区4个居委会年龄40岁以上、居住满2年的常住户籍人口3 667人进行横断面调查，调查表由中山医院“慢性心力衰竭早期预警和失代偿期综合防治的研究”课题组统一制定，使用Epidata、SAS 9.2软件进行数据分析。结果：嘉定镇社区40岁以上居民冠心病患病率为4.51%，标化患病率为3.50%，其中男性患病率为4.58%，女性为4.44%。冠心病患病率随年龄增长而增加（P＜0.01），本社区冠心病危险因素分别为高血脂、冠心病家族史、糖尿病和年龄。结论：对冠心病危险因素进行综合干预，减少高危人群，从而降低冠心病的发病率。
关键词 冠心病 流行状况 危险因素 分析
中图分类号：R541.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2012）16-0043-04
Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of coronary heart disease
of the residents aged over 40 years old in Jiading town
LIU Qin1, ZHOU Jun2, TANG Wei1, JIN Xue-juan2, ZHOU Jing-min2
（1. Jiading Town Community Health Service Center, Jiading District, Shanghai, 201800;
2. Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032）
ABSTRACT Objective: To find out the prevalence and risk factors of coronary heart disease of the residents over 40 years of age in Jiading town. Method: The cross-sectional survey was made to investigate 3667 permanent residence population over 40 years old in 4 communities ,who stay for more than 2 years with the on-site questionnaire which was made by the project group of Zhongshan Hospital chronic heart failure early warning and decompensation comprehensive prevention and control. The data of the survey were analyzed with Epidata software and SAS 9.2 statistical software. Result: The coronary heart disease prevalence rate was 4.51% for the residents aged over 40 years old and the standardized morbidity rate was 3.50%, of which male morbidity rate was 4.58%, and female 4.44%. Coronary heart disease morbidity rate increased with age growing( P< 0.01). The community coronary heart disease risk factors were high blood lipids, family history of coronary heart disease, diabetes and age. Conclusion: The comprehensive intervention is conducted to coronary heart disease risk factors for reducing the high-risk groups so as to be able to reduce the morbidity rate of coronary heart disease.
KEY WORDS coronary heart disease；prevalence；risk factors; analysis
随着经济社会发展而引发的一系列包括生活方式、饮食结构、生活节奏、人际关系、心态等变化，使冠心病发病率不断增加。冠心病被称作“人类健康的第一杀手”，其发病率在我国呈逐年上升的趋势。为了解上海市嘉定镇社区居民冠心病的流行状况，我们于2007-2008年对嘉定镇社区40岁以上居民进行了一次冠心病患病率及危险因素的流行病学调查，并对冠心病危险因素进行了分析，为制定嘉定镇冠心病防治措施提供依据。
1 对象与方法
1.1 调查对象
在上海市嘉定镇街道共有18个居委会，4个社区卫生服务站，采用整群随机抽样的方法，抽取嘉中、李园一村、李园二村、秋霞4个居委会中年龄40岁以上居住满2年的常住户籍人口为调查对象，应查3 667人，实际调查3 637人，有效应答率为99.18%。其中男1 813例（49.85%），女1 824例（50.15%），平均年龄为（59.74±11.36）岁。
1.2 调查方法和调查内容