当前位置:首页 > 演讲稿 > 身体结构图五脏六腑 英语“系表”结构考点探析
 

身体结构图五脏六腑 英语“系表”结构考点探析

发布时间:2019-01-13 16:05:16 影响了:

  英语“系表”结构是指“主语+系动词+表语”句型中的连系动词和表语。在英语学习过程中,“系表”结构是学习的难点之一,在近几年各地的中考试卷中,“系表”结构往往也是考查的重点之一。本文从连系动词和表语两个方面,结合近几年的中考试题,对系表结构进行归纳和总结,希望能对学生学习这一语法知识有所帮助。
  
  一、 连系动词
  
  连系动词本身具有一定的词义,但其不能单独充当句子的谓语成分,必须和表语一起使用,构成句子的谓语部分。连系动词为数并不多,常见的连系动词可以分为以下三类。
  1. 表示状态的连系动词
  这类连系动词有be(是),stay(保持),keep(保持), sit(坐),stand(站), remain(保持),continue(持续), lie(平躺)。
  He never stays angry for long. 他生气时间从来不会长。
  The cat was lying fast asleep by the fire.猫卧在炉火旁睡得很熟。
  Stand still and I will take a picture of you.站稳了,我给你照张相。
  (2006 湖北武汉) ―― I hear the weather will cold for another week.
  ――I hope not. I hate cold weather.
  A. turn B. last C. get D. stay
  2. 表示感觉的连系动词
  这类连系动词有feel(感到),look (显得,似乎),seem(好像,似乎), appear(显得,看来), sound(听起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), appear(显得)。
  We felt very happy when we heard the good news.听到这个好消息,我们感到非常开心。
  She looks nice in the dress.穿着这件裙子,她显得很好看。
  He seems very angry when he sees his son watching TV.看到儿子在看电视时,他看上去非常生气。
  (2006浙江杭州) ――Well, let’s go to visit the amusement park this Saturday.
  ――That great.
  A. feels B. looks C. sounds
  (2005黑龙江) The idea to eat in KFC ________ wonderful.
  A. tastesB. soundsC. smellsD. feels
  3. 表示转变的连系动词
  这类连系动词有go(变得), get(变得), grow(变得,成为), come(变成,实现), become(变成), fall(变成,变为), turn(变成), run(变成,变得)。
  Your wish will come true one day.你的愿望总有一天会实现。
  In autumn leaves turn yellow.在秋天叶子变黄。
  He became a doctor after he left school.他毕业后成了一名医生。
  (2006江苏苏州)――Is your stomachache getting ?
  ――No, it’s worse.
  A. better B. badC. lessD. well
  
  二、 表语
  
  表语用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态。它的位置在连系动词之后,可用作表语的有名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式短语、动名词及从句。
  1. 名词作表语
  Tom’s father is a teacher.汤姆的父亲是一名教师。
  The boy’s sister is an air hostess.这个男孩的姐姐是一名空姐。
  (2006湖北孝感)The computer on the desk is .
  A.twins B. the twin’s C. the twins D. the twins’
  2. 代词作表语
  Who is it? It’s me.谁啊?是我。(人称代词)
  The bike is yours.这辆自行车是你的。(物主代词)
  What I want is that.我所想要的是那个。(指示代词)
  He isn’t quite himself today.他今天有点情绪反常。(反身代词)
  Who is he?他是谁?(疑问代词)
  Whose is this umbrella?这把雨伞是谁的?(疑问代词)
  (2006浙江绍兴)――Hey! There is a bag on the ground. Whose is it?
  ――There is a woman over there. Maybe it’s .
  A. herB. hers C. she D. herself
  3.形容词作表语
  The building is tall.这幢大楼很高。
  Her window is broken.她的窗户坏了。
  The football match is very exciting. 这场足球比赛非常令人兴奋。
  (2006湖北荆州)――The ball is small,but I can’t throw it far.
  ――Neither can I. It’s too .
  A. good B. oldC. heavyD. dirty
  (2005福建宁德)Peter didn’t go to Mary’s birthday party because he was then.
  A. free B. busyC. wellD. happy
  (2004海南海口)Jane looks so today because she has done well in her English test.
  A. happy B. worridC. angryD. exciting
  (2004重庆北碚)――You seem . What’s wrong?
  ――My son hurt his leg this morning.
  A. worriedB. happyC. gladD. fine
  (2006 江苏南通) The food on the plate smells . You can’t eat it.
本文为全文原貌 未安装PDF浏览器用户请先下载安装 原版全文   A. delicious B. badlyC. wellD. bad
   (2006江苏盐城) In some foreign countries, such as Canada, children usually leave their parents when they grow up. It makes the old feel .
  A. aloneB. lonelyC. frightenedD. enjoyable
  (2007江苏盐城)The number of giant panda is getting because their living areas are becoming farmlands.
  A. less and lessB. lager and larger
  C. smaller and smaller D. fewer and fewer
  (2006江苏徐州)It’s sunny (sun) today. What about going on a picnic?
  4.副词作表语
  My parents were out when you called.你打电话时,我的父母出去了。
  My uncle has been away for two months.我的叔叔已离开两个月了。
  The light in the room is on.房间的灯亮着。
  5.数词作表语
  Our monitor is always the first to come to school.
  我们班长总是第一个到校。
  Four and five is nine.四加五等于九。
  (2006 江苏苏州) It is said that the gravity on Mars is only about of the gravity on earth.
  A. three-eighthsB. third-eighth
  C. three-eightsD. third-eight
  6. 介词短语作表语
  Your friend is at work.你的朋友在上班。
  The post office is on Fifth Avenue.邮局在第五大街。
  (2006陕西)――Who will be duty tomorrow?
  ――Susan will.
  A. at B. onC. forD. in
  (2006 辽宁沈阳) He became a famous writer when he was .
  A. in his fifty B. in his fifties
  C. in fifty years oldD. in fifties
  7.动词不定式作表语
  Your job is to clean all the windows.你的工作是擦所有的窗户。
  His dream is to be an inventor.他的梦想是成为一名发明家。
  The best idea is to stay here.最好的主意就是留在这儿。
  The question is when to start.问题是该何时出发。
  8.动名词短语作表语
  Her hobby is collecting stamps.她的爱好是集邮。
  My job is looking after the children.我的工作是照顾那些孩子。
  My favourite activity is playing tennis.我最喜欢的活动是打网球。
  9. 用从句作表语
  The trouble is that he can’t understand Chinese at all.麻烦是他根本不懂汉语。
  That is why she was late for school today.这就是他今天为何迟到的原因。
  The problem is how we can get there on time.问题是我们如何能准时到达哪儿。
  
  三、使用“系表”结构时应注意的几个问题
  
  1.有些连系动词本身也可以是实义动词,使用时不可混为一谈。如:
  I have kept the book for two weeks.这本书我借了两个星期了。
  He is smelling the rose.他正在闻玫瑰花(的香味)。
  Farmers grow rice in the south.南方农民们种水稻。
  以上三例中keeep, smell, grow是实义动词,而不能误以为是连系动词。
  2. 大多数形容词既能作表语,又能作定语,但有些形容词只能作表语而不能作定语, 这类形容词又称表语形容词。如:
  afraid(害怕的), alone(孤独的), asleep(熟睡的), alive(活着的), awake(睡醒的), worth(值得的), unable(不能的), ill(生病的)等等。
  The boy is afraid of snakes.这个男孩怕蛇。
  She was alone at home last night.昨晚她一人独自在家。
  Kitty is ill today.基蒂今天病了。
  3.能作表语的副词很少,它们往往是成对出现的,作表语的副词多数表示位置:如in, out; inside, outside; on, off;back, away;up, down; here, there;upstairs, downstiars等等。
  由形容词转化而来的副词则不能充当句子的表语。如:
  We feel very happily.(happily应改happy)
  The wind is getting strongly.(strongly应改为strong)
  Tom is so politely.(politely应改为polite)
  
  注:“本文中所涉及到的图表、注解、公式等内容请以PDF格式阅读原文。”
本文为全文原貌 未安装PDF浏览器用户请先下载安装 原版全文

猜你想看
相关文章

Copyright © 2008 - 2022 版权所有 职场范文网

工业和信息化部 备案号:沪ICP备18009755号-3